Himawari-8/9 Follow-on Satellite Program and Impacts of Potential Usage of Hyperspectral IR Sounder

Bessho, Kotaro; Owada, Hiromi; Okamoto, Kozo; Fujita, Tadashi

doi:10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9553888

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…EUMETSAT will have advanced IR sounders (IRS) in GEO orbit in the 2024 time frame (Holmlund et al 2021), Japan is planning a GEO IR sounder for their Himawari-8/-9 followon (Bessho et al 2021), China has launched an experimental advanced IR sounder (Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder -GIIRS/FY-4A) into GEO orbit in 2016 and an operational one (GIIRS/FY-4B) in 2021 (Yang et al 2017). U.S. is considering GeoHIS to be part of their GeoXO program to better observe high temporal resolution moisture and motion over North America and other regions (Schmit et al 2009;F.…”

Section: "The Vas Experience Suggests That Extension Into the Microwa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Geostationary Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Observations: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Menzel

Schmit

et al. 2022

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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A hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounder from geostationary orbit provides nearly continuous measurements of atmospheric thermodynamic and dynamic information within a weather cube, specifically the atmospheric temperature, moisture, and wind information at different pressure levels that are critical for improving high impact weather (HIW) nowcasting and numerical weather prediction (NWP). Geostationary hyperspectral IR sounders (GeoHIS) have been onboard China’s Fengyun-4 series since 2016 and will be onboard Europe’s Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) series in the 2024 time frame; the U.S. and other countries are also planning to include GeoHIS instruments on their next generation of geostationary weather satellites. Although availability of on-orbit GeoHIS data are limited currently, studies have been conducted and progress has been made on developing the applications of high temporal resolution GeoHIS observations. These include but are not limited to deriving three-dimensional wind fields for nowcasting and NWP applications, trending atmospheric instability for warning in pre-convective environments, conducting impact studies with data from the experimental Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) onboard Fengyun-4A, preparing observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs), and monitoring diurnal variation of atmospheric composition. This paper provides an overview of the current applications of GeoHIS, discusses the data processing challenges, and provides perspectives on future development. The purpose is to provide direction on utilization of the current and assist preparation for the upcoming GeoHIS observations for nowcasting, NWP and other applications.

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Section: "The Vas Experience Suggests That Extension Into the Microwa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Geostationary Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Observations: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Menzel

Schmit

et al. 2022

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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“…The European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) proposes in its future geostationary satellite programme, the Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) series, to launch two types of instruments on board: an imaging platform (MTG‐I), the first of which was launched in 2022, and a sounding platform (MTG‐S) with the hyperspectral IRS for 2024 (Holmlund et al ., 2021). Finally, the Japan Meteorological Agency is considering launching a follow‐up to the Himawari programme including a hyperspectral IRS from geostationary orbit in 2029 (Okamoto et al ., 2020; Bessho et al ., 2021), and the United States has announced the Geostationary Extended Observations (GeoXO) programme, which may include hyperspectral infrared observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparing the assimilation of the future MTG‐IRS sounder into the mesoscale numerical weather prediction AROME model

Coopmann,

Fourrié,

Chambon

et al. 2023

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The IRS (InfraRed Sounder) instrument is an infrared Fourier transform spectrometer that will be on board the Meteosat Third Generation series of the future EUMETSAT geostationary satellites. It will measure the radiance emitted by the Earth at the top of the atmosphere using 1960 channels. IRS will provide high spatial and temporal frequency 4D information on atmospheric temperature and humidity, winds, clouds, surfaces, as well as on the chemical composition of the atmosphere. The assimilation of these new observations represents a great challenge and opportunity for the improvement of Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) forecast skill, especially for mesoscale models such as AROME at Météo‐France (Brousseau et al. 2016). The objectives of this study are to prepare for the assimilation of IRS in this system and to evaluate its impact on the forecasts when added to the currently assimilated observations.By using an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) constructed for a mesoscale NWP model. This OSSE framework makes use of synthetic observations of both IRS and the currently assimilated observing systems in AROME, constructed from a known and realistic state of the atmosphere. The latter, called the Nature Run, is derived from a long and uninterrupted forecast of the mesoscale model. These observations were assimilated and evaluated using a 1 h update cycle 3D‐Var data assimilation system over two‐month periods, one in the summer and one in the winter.This study demonstrates the benefits that can be expected from the assimilation of IRS observations into AROME NWP system. The assimilation of only 75 channels over oceans increases the total amount of observations used in the AROME 3D‐Var by about 50 %. The IRS impact in terms of forecast scores was evaluated and compared for the summer and winter periods. The main findings are that (i) over both periods the assimilation of these observations lead to statistically improved forecasts over the whole atmospheric column, (ii) for the summer season experiment, the forecast ranges up to +48h are improved, (iii) for the winter season experiment, the impact on the forecasts is globally positive but is smaller compared to the summer period and extends only to 24 h. Based on these results, it is foreseen that the addition of future IRS observations in the AROME NWP systems will significantly improve mesoscale weather forecasts.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…EUMETSAT has proposed the launch of the Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) hyperspectral infrared sounder (IRS) for 2023 (Holmlund et al 2021) and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) has plans for launching a follow on to the Himawari program that includes a hyperspectral infrared sounder from geostationary orbit in 2029 (Okamoto et al 2020;Bessho et al 2021). The United States' response is the proposed Geostationary eXtended Observations (GeoXO) program that may include hyperspectral infrared observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using OSSEs to Evaluate the Impacts of Geostationary Infrared Sounders

McGrath-Spangler

McCarty²,

Privé

et al. 2022

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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An observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) was performed to assess the impact of assimilating hyperspectral infrared (IR) radiances from geostationary orbit on numerical weather prediction, with a focus on the proposed sounder onboard the Geostationary eXtended Observations (GeoXO) program’s central satellite. Infrared sounders on a geostationary platform would fill several gaps left by IR sounders on polar orbiting satellites, and the increased temporal resolution would allow the observation of weather phenomena evolution. The framework for this OSSE was the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) OSSE system, which includes a full suite of meteorological observations. The experiment additionally assimilated four identical IR sounders from geostationary orbit to create a “ring” of vertical profiling observations. Based on the experimentation, assimilation of the IR sounders provided a beneficial impact on the analyzed mass and wind fields, particularly in the tropics, and produced an error reduction in the initial 24-48 hours of the subsequent forecasts. Specific attention was paid to the impact of the GeoXO Sounder (GXS) over the contiguous United States (CONUS) as this is a region that is well-observed and as such difficult to improve. The forecast sensitivity to observation impact (FSOI) metric, computed across all four synoptic times over the CONUS, reveals that the GXS had the largest impact on the 24-hour forecast error of the assimilated hyperspectral infrared satellite radiances as measured using a moist energy error norm. Based on this analysis, the proposed GXS has the potential to improve numerical weather prediction globally and over the CONUS.

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Himawari-8/9 Follow-on Satellite Program and Impacts of Potential Usage of Hyperspectral IR Sounder

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Applications of Geostationary Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Observations: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Applications of Geostationary Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Observations: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Preparing the assimilation of the future MTG‐IRS sounder into the mesoscale numerical weather prediction AROME model

Using OSSEs to Evaluate the Impacts of Geostationary Infrared Sounders

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