Hindbrain orexin 1 receptors blunt intake suppression by gastrointestinal nutrients and cholecystokinin in male rats

Williams, D.B.; Coiduras, Isabel I.; Parise, Eric M.; Maske, Calyn B.

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170351

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…However, pre-treatment with orexin A injected into the nucleus of the solitary tract significantly induces food intake following intake suppression by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cholecystokinin peptide, the intestinal satiation signal (Williams et al 2020). Overall, hypothalamic nuclei seem to be the primary sites of action for orexin-induced feeding, whereas some other sites, such as the nucleus accumbens, also play a role.…”

Section: Central Orexin Promotes Feedingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Further support for the role of orexins in promoting feeding comes from studies using receptor antagonists, with most studies finding that these effects were predominantly mediated by OXR-1 (Table 2). For example administration of SB-334867, a selective OXR-1 antagonist, reduces food intake in fasted, food restricted, glucose-deprived or sated animals, both when injected peripherally (Feillet et al 2017;Haynes et al ,2000Haynes et al , , 2002Ishii et al 2004Ishii et al , 2005aIshii et al , 2005bOtlivanchik et al 2015;Rodgers et al 2001;Rorabaugh et al 2014;Valdivia et al 2014;White et al 2005) or centrally into the ventricle (Hsu et al 2015;Karasawa et al 2014;Williams et al 2020;. Other studies investigating the effects of OXR-1 antagonists in specific brain areas found that administration of SB-334867 into the nucleus accumbens (Mayannavar et al 2014;, nucleus of the solitary tract (Kay et al 2014;Williams et al 2020), hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (Wang et al 2018), but not central amygdala (Jin et al 2020), caused a significant reduction in food intake in rats.…”

Section: Central Orexin Promotes Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orexins (hypocretins): The intersection between homeostatic and hedonic feeding

Muthmainah

Gogos

Sumithran

et al. 2021

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Eating behaviour is regulated by a number of hormones and neural substrates, including by orexin (Fukushima et al. 2015). Orexin, also known as hypocretin, is a neuropeptide produced by a group of neurons located in the lateral hypothalamic area including the lateral hypothalamus and dorsomedial-perifornical area. It consists of two different forms, orexin A and orexin B, which are synthesized from the precursor prepro-orexin (De Lecea et al. 1998;Sakurai et al. 1998). Although there is a small number of orexin-producing cells in the brain (less than 80,000 neurons in humans and approximately 3,000-4,000 in rats (Mieda, 2017), these cells project extensively throughout the neuraxis including to cortical areas, the limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus, brainstem and spinal cord (Xu et al. 2013). These widespread connections underscore orexin's involvement in various brain functions which are mediated by the G-protein-coupled receptors, orexin receptor type

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Section: Central Orexin Promotes Feedingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Central Orexin Promotes Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orexins (hypocretins): The intersection between homeostatic and hedonic feeding

Muthmainah

Gogos

Sumithran

et al. 2021

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…Decrease of sensitivity to gastrointestinal nutrient load and more consumption of food-hindbrain orexin 1 receptors Rat [87] Administration of sea buckthorn seed oil: increase of orexin A levels and expression of orexin 1 receptors in hypothalamus and brainstem Rat [88] Orexin 1 receptor-deficient animals resistant to diet-induced obesity and food consumption Mouse [89] Orexin 2 receptor-deficient animals: less energy expenditure when consumed a high-fat diet Mouse [89]…”

Section: Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data show the involvement of the medial prefrontal cortex in the cognitive motivation to eat, suggesting that this cortical region is a potential target for the treatment of excessive appetite/overeating. It was reported that the administration of orexin A into the hindbrain increased both meal size and feeding; these effects were inhibited with the orexin 1 receptor antagonist SB-334,867; and hypothalamic neurons containing orexin send projections to hindbrain centers (e.g., area postrema, and nucleus of the solitary tract) in which the expression of the orexin 1 receptor was reported [87]. The study showed that, via the hindbrain orexin 1 receptors, hypothalamic neurons expressing orexin decrease the sensitivity to gastrointestinal nutrient load and hence, more food is consumed [87] (Table 3).…”

Section: Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of the Orexinergic System in Feeding

Marcos

Coveñas

2021

Applied Sciences

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To know the processes involved in feeding, the dysregulation of hypothalamic neuropeptides promoting anorexigenic/orexigenic mechanisms must be investigated. Many neuropeptides are involved in this behavior and in overweight/obesity. Current pharmacological strategies for the treatment of obesity are unfortunately not very effective and, hence, new therapeutic strategies must be investigated and developed. Due to the crucial role played by orexins in feeding behavior, the aim of this review is to update the involvement of the orexinergic system in this behavior. The studies performed in experimental animal models and humans and the relationships between the orexinergic system and other substances are mentioned and discussed. Promising research lines on the orexinergic system are highlighted (signaling pathways, heterogeneity of the hypothalamic orexinergic neurons, receptor-receptor interaction, and sex differences). Each of the orexin 1 and 2 receptors plays a unique role in energy metabolism, exerting a differential function in obesity. Additional preclinical/clinical studies must be carried out to demonstrate the beneficial effects mediated by orexin receptor antagonists. Because therapies applied are in general ineffective when they are directed against a single target, the best option for successful anti-obesity treatments is the development of combination therapies as well as the development of new and more specific orexin receptor antagonists.

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“…Food-deprivation and -restriction procedures are necessary parts of various protocols in behavioral studies in neuroscience; They cover protocols for feeding behavior, impulse control, and reward-aversive behavior (Carlini et al, 2008;Conrad, 2010;Ouyang et al, 2017;Williams, Coiduras, Parise, & Maske, 2020). "Deprivation" and "Restriction" are different terms and concepts; In food reward (as a natural reward model), studies not only the deprivation or restriction procedure is essential but also the type of food that animals receive as the reward is important (Sampey et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Aspects of Natural and Morphine Reward-related Behaviors in Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm

Jamali

Shoorehdeli

Daliri

et al. 2022

BCN

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Natural rewards are essential for animal survival. On the other hand, drug-seeking behaviours can be maladaptive and endanger survival. The present study was conducted to enhance our understanding of how animals respond to food and morphine as natural and drug rewards, respectively, in a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. We designed a protocol to induce food-CPP and compare it as a natural reward with morphine-CPP in rats. The protocol for reward induction in all groups (foods and morphine) consisted of three phases: pre-test, conditioning, and post-test. In morphine groups, we injected morphine as a reward (5 mg/kg, s.c.), and for inducing natural-reward, we used two different protocols, by one of the rats were deprived of food for 24h. In the other method, rats were restricted for food for 14 days. During the conditioning period, animals received daily chow, biscuit, or popcorn as a reward inducer. Results revealed that CPP did not induce in food-deprived rats. A combination of food restriction (as a facilitator) and a biscuit or popcorn induced reward using CPP. In contrast, food deprivation did not facilitate food-CPP in response to regular food. Interestingly the CPP score of the group which received biscuit during a 7-day conditioning period was more than that of the morphine group. In conclusion, food restriction could be a better protocol than food deprivation to facilitate food reward.

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Hindbrain orexin 1 receptors blunt intake suppression by gastrointestinal nutrients and cholecystokinin in male rats

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Orexins (hypocretins): The intersection between homeostatic and hedonic feeding

Orexins (hypocretins): The intersection between homeostatic and hedonic feeding

Involvement of the Orexinergic System in Feeding

Differential Aspects of Natural and Morphine Reward-related Behaviors in Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm

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