Hindcast of the Argo merchant spill using the uri oil spill fates model

Spaulding, Malcolm L.; Jayko, K.; Anderson, Elaine A.

doi:10.1016/0029-8018(82)90037-3

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This includes the largest, the Exxon Valdez, where an estimated 40 million liters of oil leaked into Prince William Sound off the coast of Alaska during 1989 [ 8 ]. Other major spills include the Argo Merchant , which ran aground in 1976, releasing 29 million liters into Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts [ 9 ] and the Mega Borg spill in 1990, which released 15 million liters off the coast of Galveston, Texas [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment for Children Exposed to Beach Sands Impacted by Oil Spill Chemicals

Black

Welday

Buckley

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Due to changes in the drilling industry, oil spills are impacting large expanses of coastlines, thereby increasing the potential for people to come in contact with oil spill chemicals. The objective of this manuscript was to evaluate the health risk to children who potentially contact beach sands impacted by oil spill chemicals from the Deepwater Horizon disaster. To identify chemicals of concern, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) monitoring data collected during and immediately after the spill were evaluated. This dataset was supplemented with measurements from beach sands and tar balls collected five years after the spill. Of interest is that metals in the sediments were observed at similar levels between the two sampling periods; some differences were observed for metals levels in tar balls. Although PAHs were not observed five years later, there is evidence of weathered-oil oxidative by-products. Comparing chemical concentration data to baseline soil risk levels, three metals (As, Ba, and V) and four PAHs (benzo[a]pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene) were found to exceed guideline levels prompting a risk assessment. For acute or sub-chronic exposures, hazard quotients, computed by estimating average expected contact behavior, showed no adverse potential health effects. For cancer, computations using 95% upper confidence limits for contaminant concentrations showed extremely low increased risk in the 10−6 range for oral and dermal exposure from arsenic in sediments and from dermal exposure from benzo[a]pyrene and benz[a]anthracene in weathered oil. Overall, results suggest that health risks are extremely low, given the limitations of available data. Limitations of this study are associated with the lack of toxicological data for dispersants and oil-spill degradation products. We also recommend studies to collect quantitative information about children’s beach play habits, which are necessary to more accurately assess exposure scenarios and health risks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment for Children Exposed to Beach Sands Impacted by Oil Spill Chemicals

Black

Welday

Buckley

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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“…In this model, it was assumed that when the oil slick hits land it does not spread any further. It is also assumed that the slick moves with the same speed as the water current (vertically integrated) due to the wind and at 14 ° clockwise from the wind direction (Spaulding and Jayko, 1982). Furthermore, the oil moves with the same speed and direction as the tidal current.…”

Section: F (~) = Ku(u 2 + V2)l/2/d;mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of the movement and dispersion of oil slicks in the Arabian Gulf

El‐Sabh

Murty

1988

Nat Hazards

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The extensive oil drilling and transportation activities in the Arabian Gulf increased the possibility of oil spills and the consequent threat of oil pollution to the regional ecology. The available literature concerning the main aspects of the physical oceanographic characteristics affecting the movement and spreading of oil spill in the Gulf are reviewed. It is concluded that evaporation, wind-driven currents, and sandfall are important as weathering processes, while tidal currents cause lateral spreading of the slick. Oil spill modelling has shown some usefulness in estimating the trajectories of few major spills illustrated by reference to three models developed for the Gulf. The performance of these models, their capabilities and limitations are reviewed. Recommendations are made to gather more data on the behavior of oil spills in this particular environment.

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“…The user has two options for oil entrainment algorithms. The first is that proposed by Audunson 1 and modified by Spauldinget al ; 23 the second alternative algorithm is that proposed by Mackay et al (1980). The emulsification viscosity is allowed to increase for petroleum products according to a "mousse formation" algorithm, also from Mackay et al 14 Gasoline, kerosene, and light diesel fuel are assumed not to form emulsions with water.…”

Section: Oil Fate Concepts and Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%