“…Unfortunately, the teacher's status in Pakistan has seen a downward growth for the last 30 years (Sheikh and Iqbal, 2003), giving rise to low efficiency and performance. Teachers working at the HEIs are entangled with several problems like resource non-availability, negligible participation in decision making, no autonomy to work on their own, low teaching exposure, deficiencies in materials and supplies, lack of communication and so forth (Sarwar et al, 2012). Rigid work designs are generally used in the educational institutions in Pakistan and top down communication is preferred in most of the cases (Yousaf and Majid, 2018), thus giving rise to stress, low motivation and job dissatisfaction (Rasheed et al, 2016).…”