Hip Circumference and Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Men and Women

Heitmann, Berit Lilienthal; Frederiksen, Peder; Lissner, Lauren

doi:10.1038/oby.2004.54

Cited by 129 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Therefore, loss of abdominal fat may reduce the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, whereas fat on the lower body or in the peripheral sub cutis may have favourable effects on cardiovascular risk factors, and loss of such tissues may increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. [52][53][54][55][56] A few studies have reported a preferential loss of unhealthy visceral fat after physical activity, but the results from previous literature are inconsistent. [23][24][25][26][27] Data on change in fat distribution were not available and thus this could not be examined in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Combined effects of weight loss and physical activity on all-cause mortality of overweight men and women

et al. 2010

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Combined effects of weight loss and physical activity on all-cause mortality of overweight men and women

et al. 2010

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“…Compared with the well-established association of central fat with disease risks, there are only a few studies regarding the association of the lower-body fat depot, which is very predominant in women, with metabolic diseases. Among the limited relevant studies, most of them reported inverse associations between hip circumference and mortality or heart diseases (3,27,(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51) . Nevertheless, hip circumference was not associated with CHD or other metabolic diseases without adjusting for waist circumference or BMI and the effect of central obesity on mortality risk could be seriously underestimated without adjusting for hip circumference (3,52) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of regional body fat with metabolic risks in Chinese women

Song

Zhou

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate the association of regional fat depots with metabolic risk factors in Chinese women. Design: Total and regional fat depots including android fat and gynoid fat were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Central fat distribution was defined as android:gynoid fat ratio. Metabolic risk factors were defined as elevated TAG, reduced HDL-cholesterol, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting plasma glucose. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of regional fat depots with metabolic risk factors. The odds ratios of metabolic risks were further calculated according to tertiles of android fat and gynoid fat. Setting: Participants were recruited from a community-based cross-sectional study. Face-to-face questionnaires, anthropometric and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures were conducted. Subjects: Chinese women (n 609) aged 18-79 years. Results: Android fat and android:gynoid fat ratio were associated with significantly increased odds (OR 5 1?4-3?7; P , 0?01) for almost all risk factors, whereas gynoid fat was independently associated with significantly decreased odds (OR 5 0?3-0?6; P , 0?01). The inverse associations of gynoid fat with metabolic risk factors remained after adjusting for android fat. Even if their android fat level was in high, women in the highest tertile of gynoid fat had lower odds of having at least two metabolic risk factors compared with women in the lowest gynoid fat tertile (P for trend , 0?01). Conclusions: There were opposite associations of android and gynoid fat with metabolic risks in Chinese women. Gynoid fat rather than android fat might be a more important inclusion in metabolic disease risk evaluation in female Asians. KeywordsFat mass Android fat Gynoid fat Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Metabolic risks WomenObesity is a complex heterogeneous disorder which is strongly associated with multiple metabolic dysfunctions including dyslipidaemia, impaired glucose tolerance and arterial hypertension (1,2) . Although previous studies have documented the association between obesity and metabolic diseases, there is increasing evidence suggesting that the presence of excess fat in specific regional body areas is a more significant indicator than total fat volume (3)(4)(5)(6) . The excess accumulation of central fat, even without manifestations of general obesity, is closely associated with metabolic disturbances that indicate increased risks of CVD and diabetes (7)(8)(9) whereas peripheral subcutaneous fat may be relatively benign with respect to metabolic disease risks (10)(11)(12) . For instance, the Quebec Family Study showed that larger hip circumference was inversely associated with several cardiovascular risk factors, including high TAG and insulin concentrations (13) . Therefore, collection of information on fat regional distribution patterns may add more insights in understanding the considerable metabolic variation among individuals. Women are more likely to store fat in the lower body (around the hips ...

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“…6 On the other hand, a narrow hip circumference seems to have an independent and inverse association with the risk of type 2 diabetes 7 and CVD morbidity and mortality. [8][9][10] Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), measured noninvasively by ultrasonography, predicts future risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, and a change in carotid IMT has been validated as a vascular marker of the progression of preclinical atherosclerosis. 11 Carotid ultrasonography is a more suitable technique for assessing the progression of preclinical atherosclerosis than the quantification of coronary calcium, especially in the elderly, most of whom have coronary calcification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of waist and hip circumference with 12-year progression of carotid intima-media thickness in elderly women

et al. 2007

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Objective: To test the hypothesis that waist and hip circumferences together provide additional information on the progression of preclinical atherosclerosis beyond either of them alone in elderly women. Design: A 12-year follow-up study. Subjects: A population-based sample of 102 women 60-70 years of age at baseline. Measurements: Waist and hip circumferences and body mass index (BMI) were assessed and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was quantified noninvasively by ultrasonography.Results: There was a significant increase in the 12-year carotid IMT progression across the thirds of waist circumference (0.080, 0.277, 0.279 mm, P ¼ 0.02 for difference) and hip circumference (0.030, 0.342, 0.260 mm, P ¼ 0.001 for difference) adjusted for conventional risk factors (age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, serum low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood glucose). The association of waist circumference with IMT progression was not significant after further adjustment for hip circumference or BMI. Further adjustment for waist circumference and BMI did not change the association of hip circumference with IMT progression. The IMT progression was greatest in women with waist circumference 483 cm and hip circumference p98 cm adjusted for conventional risk factors (P ¼ 0.003 for interaction). Conclusion: Not only waist circumference but also hip circumference is associated with the progression of carotid atherosclerosis during 12 years in elderly women. Women with both a larger waist circumference and a smaller hip circumference had the greatest progression of carotid atherosclerosis.

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Hip Circumference and Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Men and Women

Cited by 129 publications

References 9 publications

Combined effects of weight loss and physical activity on all-cause mortality of overweight men and women

Combined effects of weight loss and physical activity on all-cause mortality of overweight men and women

Association of regional body fat with metabolic risks in Chinese women

Association of waist and hip circumference with 12-year progression of carotid intima-media thickness in elderly women

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