The most common non-traumatic conditions that have been described affecting the feline hip joint are hip dysplasia and associated osteoarthritis, spontaneous femoral capital physeal fractures and metaphyseal osteopathy. While the findings on orthopaedic examination for all of these conditions may be similar, the history and signalment may assist in differentiating between them. Radiography allows a definitive diagnosis to be made, but specific views are necessary to avoid missing the diagnosis, and there are also critical differences between hip dysplasia in cats and in dogs, which it is important to be aware of.