Hippocampal atrophy on MRI is predictive of histopathological patterns and surgical prognosis in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis

Jardim, Anaclara Prada; Corso, Jeana Torres; Garcia, Maria Teresa Fernandes Castilho; Gaça, Larissa Botelho; Comper, Sandra Mara; Lancellotti, Carmen Lúcia Penteado; Centeno, Ricardo Silva; Carrete, Henrique; Cavalheiro, Ésper A.; Scorza, Carla A.; Yacubian, Elza Márcia Targas

doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.10.014

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A second rationale for our focus on the hippocampus is its particular vulnerability to insult. Hippocampal damage and alterations in function are well documented in many neurological and psychiatric diseases (Araujo and Lapchak, 1994; Frisoni et al, 2010; Small et al, 2011; Jardim et al, 2016). Beyond overt disease, the sensitivity of the hippocampus has been demonstrated across a range of insults, from physical injury to chronic stress to various other environmental exposures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal high-fat diet results in cognitive impairment and hippocampal gene expression changes in rat offspring

Cordner

Khambadkone

Boersma

et al. 2019

Experimental Neurology

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Consumption of a high-fat diet has long been known to increase risk for obesity, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Further evidence strongly suggests that these same metabolic disorders are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment later in life. Now faced with an expanding global burden of obesity and increasing prevalence of dementia due to an aging population, understanding the effects of high-fat diet consumption on cognition is of increasingly critical importance. Further, the developmental origins of many adult onset neuropsychiatric disorders have become increasingly clear, indicating a need to investigate effects of various risk factors, including diet, across the lifespan. Here, we use a rat model to assess the effects of maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation on cognition and hippocampal gene expression of offspring. Behaviorally, adult male offspring of high-fat fed dams had impaired object recognition memory and impaired spatial memory compared to offspring of chow-fed dams. In hippocampus, we found decreased expression of Insr, Lepr, and Slc2a1 (GLUT1) among offspring of high-fat fed dams at postnatal day 21. The decreased expression of Insr and Lepr persisted at postnatal day 150. Together, these data provide additional evidence to suggest that maternal exposure to high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation can have lasting effects on the brain, behavior, and cognition on adult offspring.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal high-fat diet results in cognitive impairment and hippocampal gene expression changes in rat offspring

Cordner

Khambadkone

Boersma

et al. 2019

Experimental Neurology

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“…38 Likewise, automatically estimated total hippocampal volumes were correlated with histopathologic neural attenuation in the hippocampus and its subfields. 39 Most of the operated cases were considered to have type 1 HS, which is the most abundant form with good prognosis. 20,40 Our data indicate that automated detection of volume decrease related to HS is probably not confined to this subtype as a few subjects with type 2 or 3 HS also showed significant atrophy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voxel-Based Morphometry—from Hype to Hope. A Study on Hippocampal Atrophy in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Riederer

Seiger²,

Lanzenberger³

et al. 2020

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Automated volumetry of the hippocampus is considered useful to assist the diagnosis of hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy. However, voxel-based morphometry is rarely used for individual subjects because of high rates of false-positives. We investigated whether an approach with high dimensional warping to the template and nonparametric statistics would be useful to detect hippocampal atrophy in patients with hippocampal sclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed single-subject voxel-based morphometry with nonparametric statistics within the framework of Statistical Parametric Mapping to compare MRI from 26 well-characterized patients with temporal lobe epilepsy individually against a group of 110 healthy controls. The following statistical threshold was used: P , .05 corrected for multiple comparisons with family-wise error over the region of interest right and left hippocampus. RESULTS: The sensitivity for the detection of atrophy related to hippocampal sclerosis was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.67-0.99) for the right hippocampus and 0.60 (0.31-0.83) for the left, and the specificity for volume changes was 0.98 (0.93-0.99). All clusters of decreased hippocampal volumes were correctly lateralized to the seizure focus. Hippocampal volume decrease was in accordance with neuronal cell loss on histology reports. CONCLUSIONS: Nonparametric voxel-based morphometry is sensitive and specific for hippocampal atrophy in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and may be useful in clinical practice. ABBREVIATIONS: TLE ¼ temporal lobe epilepsy; VBM ¼ voxel-based morphometry; TIV ¼ total intracranial volume; ILAE ¼ International League Against Epilepsy; DARTEL ¼ Diffeomorphic Anatomical Registration Through Exponentiated Lie Algebra; MAP ¼ Morphometric Analysis Program; ROC ¼ Receiver operating characteristic curves; AUC ¼ area under the curve; SnPM ¼ Statistical non Parametric Mapping; HS ¼ hippocampal sclerosis; FLAIR ¼ fluid attenuated inversion recovery; EEG ¼ electroencephalography

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“…Besides seizure frequency, cases with lower pan‐drebrin expression in the IML presented a trend toward better postsurgical outcome. Although magnetic resonance findings and electrographic patterns have been linked to surgical outcome, the best prognostic finding associated with seizure control after temporal lobectomy is the presence of HS type 1 in the pathological evaluation 6,41,42 . Because drebrin expression closely follows the synaptic reorganization in the dentate gyrus, 21 the increased drebrin expression pattern in the molecular layers of TLE patients with HS may be a surrogate marker for the circuitry changes associated with neuronal hypersynchronization and seizure spread, and could indicate subtypes of HS 1 with a better outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drebrin expression patterns in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis

et al. 2020

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Objective: Drebrins are crucial for synaptic function and dendritic spine development, remodeling, and maintenance. In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients, a significant hippocampal synaptic reorganization occurs, and synaptic reorganization has been associated with hippocampal hyperexcitability. This study aimed to evaluate, in TLE patients, the hippocampal expression of drebrin using immunohistochemistry with DAS2 or M2F6 antibodies that recognize adult (drebrin A) or adult and embryonic (pan-drebrin) isoforms, respectively. Methods: Hippocampal sections from drug-resistant TLE patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS; TLE, n = 33), of whom 31 presented with type 1 HS and two with type 2 HS, and autopsy control cases (n = 20) were assayed by immunohistochemistry and evaluated for neuron density, and drebrin A and pan-drebrin expression. Doublelabeling immunofluorescences were performed to localize drebrin A-positive spines in dendrites (MAP2), and to evaluate whether drebrin colocalizes with inhibitory (GAD65) and excitatory (VGlut1) presynaptic markers. Results: Compared to controls, TLE patients had increased pan-drebrin in all hippocampal subfields and increased drebrin A-immunopositive area in all hippocampal subfields but CA1. Drebrin-positive spine density followed the same pattern as total drebrin quantification. Confocal microscopy indicated juxtaposition of drebrinpositive spines with VGlut1-positive puncta, but not with GAD65-positive puncta. Drebrin expression in the dentate gyrus of TLE cases was associated negatively with seizure frequency and positively with verbal memory. TLE patients with lower 1582 | DOMBROSKI et al. 1 | INTRODUCTION Up to 30% of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients have drug-resistant seizures with variable frequency and significant cognitive and memory deficits. 1,2 For drug-resistant TLE cases, surgical resection of temporal lobe structures is recommended for seizure control. 3,4 During epileptogenesis (ie, between the initial injury and seizure recurrence), several plastic changes occur in the hippocampal formation, culminating with the establishment of hippocampal sclerosis (HS). 5 HS is characterized by neuron loss, often severe in

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Hippocampal atrophy on MRI is predictive of histopathological patterns and surgical prognosis in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Maternal high-fat diet results in cognitive impairment and hippocampal gene expression changes in rat offspring

Maternal high-fat diet results in cognitive impairment and hippocampal gene expression changes in rat offspring

Voxel-Based Morphometry—from Hype to Hope. A Study on Hippocampal Atrophy in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Drebrin expression patterns in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis

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