“…Histamine increases the production of Th2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13, and decreases the production of Th1 cytokines, IL-2 and interferon-gamma [9,11,12]. Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), control key cellular functions such as differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis, and are involved in a number of disease states including inflammation [14]. MAPKs are composed of three kinases: MAPKKK, MAPKK and MAPK.…”