Histochemical and immunohistochemical localisation of nitrergic neuronal and non-neuronal cells in the bursa of Fabricius of the chicken

Abstract

The bursa of Fabricius of 24 chickens, 2-4 weeks old, was investigated to determine the distribution of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) staining and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) antigen, by use of NADPH-d histochemistry and NOS immunohistochemistry, respectively. NADPH-d reaction product was localised in neuronal cell bodies and nerve fibres. The stained cell bodies were predominantly in the different bursal compartments; some occurred in the wall and between the lymphoid follicles, and some in the immediate vicinity of blood vessels. Stained nerve fibres travelled mostly with blood vessels, but many were also observed in the connective tissue of the bursa, independent of blood vessels, and some in contact with the lymphoid follicle and interfollicular epithelium. In addition to neuronal profiles, the interfollicular epithelium of the plicae, and the vascular endothelium were densely stained, and lymphocytes were moderately labelled. NOS immunoreactivity was found in neuron-like cells and fibres which were confirmed to be neuronal in adjacent sections stained with antibodies raised against neuron-specific enolase. It was also detected in interfollicular epithelium and lymphocytes but not in vascular endothelium. The distribution patterns of NADPH-d and NOS suggest that nitric oxide (NO) may play a role in the regulation of the secretory activity of interfollicular epithelium and the blood flow through the bursa.

Age‐related changes in the avian primary lymphoid organs (thymus and bursa of Fabricius)

“…The nervous system might influence the bursal biology releasing active neurotransmitters and neuropeptides from the nerve terminals innervating the bursa that act on lymphocytes or non-lymphoid cells expressing receptors for these molecules (Ali et al, 1996;Motobu et al, 2003;Ricci et al, 1996;. Nevertheless, the changes in the innervation or in the expression of neurotransmitter receptors during the involution of the bursa of Fabricius have not been analyzed in detail.…”

A Critical Assessment of the Neurodestructive and Neuroprotective Effects of Nitric Oxide

“…NO is widely distributed in the vertebrate and invertebrate animal kingdom and in humans. Its distribution has been reviewed6–10 and reported in several original papers (e.g., see Refs. 11‐28).…”

Expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide in the primary lymphoid organs of the duck Anas platyrhynchos

“…Noradrenergic, acetylcholinesterase‐reactive and nitrergic nerve fibres have also been observed (Ciriaco et al. 1995; Ali et al. 1996).…”