Histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of rat brain perivascular mast cells stimulated with compound 48/80 and carbachol

Dimitriadou, Violetta; Lambracht-Hall, M.; Reichler, Judith; Theoharides, Theoharis C.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(90)90234-u

Cited by 103 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The evidence for mast cells in the brains of birds and rodents is vast, although the precise function of these immune cells in the brain remains unknown (e.g., Silver et al, 1992Silver et al, , 1993Silverman et al, 1994Silverman et al, , 1995Wilhelm et al, 2000;Zhuang et al, 1993;Dimitriadou et al, 1990;Johnson et al, 1991;Johnson and Krenger 1992). In the present study, two independent markers revealed the presence of mast cells in the brains of female prairie voles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

“…Mast cells are granulocytic immune cells found peripherally in mucosal and serosal tissues, as well as in the CNS, often in close apposition to neurons and blood vessels (Dimitriadou et al, 1990;Johnson et al, Seeldrayers, 1991;Johnson and Krenger, 1992). Mast cells play an important role in innate (nonspecific) immune responses and are capable of secreting numerous substances, including neuro-transmitters, biogenic amines, and proteoglycans (Galli, 1990;Lambracht-Hall et al, 1990), and they degranulate in response to immunoglobulin E (IgE) and antigen stimulation (reviewed in Johnson and Krenger, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain mast cells are influenced by chemosensory cues associated with estrus induction in female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

Kriegsfeld

Hotchkiss

Demas

et al. 2003

Hormones and Behavior

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Historically, the brain has been viewed as protected from the infiltration of peripheral hematopoietic cells by the blood-brain barrier. However, numerous immune cell types have been found in the central nervous system (CNS). Mast cells, granulocytic immune cells, are found in the CNS of birds and mammals and their numbers and location are influenced by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors, including reproductive behavior and endocrine status. The present study used female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) to investigate the interactions between brain mast cells and stimuli associated with estrus induction. Unlike spontaneous ovulators such as rats and mice, female prairie voles are induced into estrus by chemosensory stimuli present in conspecific male urine. Prior to estrus induction, female voles have undetectable concentrations of estrogen that rise rapidly following exposure to a male or male urine. In the first experiment, we examined whether mast cells may be influenced by estrus induction. Female voles exposed to conspecific male urine had increased numbers of mast cells in the main olfactory bulbs and epithalamus (medial habenula), but not the thalamus or median eminence, relative to control groups. Next, to determine if this mast cell increase was the result of elevated estrogen concentrations, female voles were injected with estradiol or vehicle and brain mast cell numbers analyzed. No differences in brain mast cell numbers were observed between estradiol-injected and control females in any brain area investigated. Together, these results lend further support to the contention that mast cell numbers and/or distribution can be influenced by reproductively relevant stimuli and underscore the utility of this vole model for delineating the function of brain mast cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain mast cells are influenced by chemosensory cues associated with estrus induction in female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

Kriegsfeld

Hotchkiss

Demas

et al. 2003

Hormones and Behavior

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“…Within the brain parenchyma, most of the MC are observed in close adherence of blood capillaries penetrating the brain. Also in mammals in which there are several detailed accounts of MC distribution in the brain, all point to the fact that MC inside the brain (besides those that occupy the repeatedly described pial position) are located in a perivascular position (see Dropp, 1972;Dropp, 1976;Goldschmidt et al, 1985;Dimitriadou et al, 1990;Theoharides, 1990;Manning et al, 1994;Khalil et al, 2007). While we have not performed any ultrastructural analysis or specific coloration as in the rat (see Khalil et al, 2007), we would like to assume that most MC associated with blood capillaries inside the frog brain lie on the brain side of the blood vessel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are also reported in the parenchyma of rat brain, particularly in the thalamus with a predominantly perivascular location (Goldschmidt et al, 1985;Dimitriadou et al, 1990;Manning et al, 1994). In the medial habenula of ring doves, MC are known to occur with a particularly high frequency and here they lie in close contact with neuronal and glial elements (Zhuang et al, 1993;Wilhelm et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Mast cell population in the frog brain: distribution and influence of thyroid status

Monteforte

Pinelli

Santillo

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYIn the developing frog brain, the majority of mast cells (MC) are distributed in the pia mater, and some immature MC are located adjacent to the blood capillaries in and around the neuropil. In the adult brain, MC are more numerous than in pre-and prometamorphic tadpoles; they are mainly located within the pia mater and are particularly numerous in the choroid plexuses. Many MC are found within the brain ventricles juxtaposed to the ependymal lining. MC are rarely observed in the brain parenchyma. In the adult brain, MC number is much higher than in the brain of post-metamorphic froglets. In the latter, MC number is nearly 2-fold over that found in the pre-metamorphic brain. Treatment of pre-and pro-metamorphic tadpoles with 3,5,3Ј-triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and thyroxine (T 4 ) stimulates overall larval development but does not induce a significant change in MC population within the brain. By contrast, treatment with 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) delays larval development and leads to a significant numerical increase of brain MC. In the adult, PTU treatment also has a similar effect whereas hypophysectomy causes a drastic decrease of MC population. The negative effects of hypophysectomy are successfully counteracted by a two-week replacement therapy with homologous pars distalis homogenate. In the adult frog, MC population seems to be refractory to thyroid hormone treatment. The present study on frog brain suggests that pituitary-thyroid axis may be involved in the regulation of MC frequency.

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“…For electron microscopic analysis, gastric antrum tissue sections were fixed in modified Karnovsky ' s medium containing 2% paraformaldehyde, 3% glutaraldehyde and 0.1% tannic acid in 0.1 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and processed as before [15] . Each electron microscopic sample was divided into 5 blocks.…”

Section: Electron Microscopic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fluoxetine on mast cell morphology and protease-1 expression in gastric antrum in a rat model of depression

Chen¹,

Xiao²,

Chen³

et al. 2008

WJG

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The average level of rMCP-1mRNA of gastric antrum significantly increased in depressed model group (0.759 ± 0.357 vs 0.476 ± 0.029, P < 0.01) or saline + depressed model group (0.781 ± 0.451 vs 0.476 ± 0.029, P < 0.01 ), while no significant difference was found between fluoxetine + normal control group (0.460 ± 0.027) or fluoxetine + depressed model group (0.488 ± 0.030) and normal control group. Fluoxetine showed partial inhibitive effects on mast cell ultrastructural alterations and de-regulated rMCP-1 expression in gastric antrum of the depressed rat model. CONCLUSION: Chronic stress can induce mast cell proliferation, activation, and granule hyperplasia in gastric antrum. Fluoxetine counteracts such changes in the depressed rat model. INTRODUCTIONMast cells are now recognized as "granular cells of the connective tissue", whose activation exacerbates allergic immune responses and as key players in the establishment of innate immunity as well as modulators of adaptive immune responses [1] . The role of mast cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa is not only to react to antigens, but also to actively regulate the barrier and transport properties of the intestinal epithelium. Mucosal mast cells respond to both IgE/antigen-dependent and nonIgE-dependent stimulation, releasing bioactive mediators into adjacent tissues where they induce physiological responses. Studies in models of hypersensitivity and stress Abstract AIM: To investigate the effects of fluoxetine on depression-induced changes of mast cell morphology and protease-1 (rMCP-1) expression in rats. METHODS: A Sprague-Dawley rat model of chronic stress-induced depression was established. Fifty experimental rats were randomly divided into the following groups: normal control group, fluoxetine + normal control group, depressed model group, saline + depressed model group, and fluoxetine + depressed model group. Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) immunofluorescence and RT-PCR techniques were used to investigate rMCP-1 expression in gastric antrum. Mast cell morphology was observed under transmission electron microscopy. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis among groups. RESULTS: Morphologic observation indicated that depression induced mast cell proliferation, activation, and granule hyperplasia. Compared with the normal control group, the average immunofluorescence intensity of gastric antrum rMCP-1 significantly increased in depressed model group (37.4 ± 7.7 vs 24.5 ± 5.6, P < 0.01) or saline + depressed model group (39.9 ± 5.0 vs 24.5 ± 5.6, P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between fluoxetine + normal control group (23.1 ± 3.4) or fluoxetine + depressed model group (26.1 ± 3.6) and normal control group.

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Histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of rat brain perivascular mast cells stimulated with compound 48/80 and carbachol

Cited by 103 publications

References 56 publications

Brain mast cells are influenced by chemosensory cues associated with estrus induction in female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

Brain mast cells are influenced by chemosensory cues associated with estrus induction in female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

Mast cell population in the frog brain: distribution and influence of thyroid status

Effects of fluoxetine on mast cell morphology and protease-1 expression in gastric antrum in a rat model of depression

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