Histochemistry of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme II in osteoclast-like giant cells in bone tumours

Toyosawa, Satoru; Ogawa, Yuzo; Chang, Chee-Keong; Hong, Sung-Soo; Yagi, T.; Kuwahara, Hideki; Wakasa, Kenichi; Sakurai, Masami

doi:10.1007/bf01606064

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…One is probably reactive and has morphological features and immunoreactivity similar to the nearby osteoclasts. This is in agreement with previous studies that reported that histochemical and immunohistochemical markers of osteoclasts were present in the giant cells of chondroblastoma 30. Furthermore, recent publications report the presence of RANK‐ligand expression in the chondroblast‐like cells of chondroblastoma 31.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Lysine Acetylation: The Tale of a Modification from Transcription Regulation to Metabolism

2010

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Lysine acetylation and regulation of gene expressionThe requirement for energy is central to all life forms. In order to maintain homeostasis, living organisms constantly regulate their metabolic networks and gene profiles in harmony with the surroundings. With limited numbers of genes and proteins, cells have developed different ways to generate signals and to propagate them in a very economical way, one of which is reversible chemical modification of proteins. Lysine acetylation is one of the important modifications that has direct implications for transcription regulation and hence in gene expression. [1] Identified in the early 1960s, [2] the significance of this modification in key cellular processes has been constantly increasing.The first identified acetylation-modulated physiological process was chromatin dynamics and transcription regulation. Chromatin is the complex nucleoprotein organization of DNA, histones, nonhistone proteins and small RNAs. The compact organization is a deterrent to cellular processes, but is overcome by the dynamicity exhibited by chromatin. The dynamic regulation is mediated to a large extent by the chemical modification lysine acetylation, which occurs both on histones and on nonhistone proteins.[3] Several mechanisms have been hypothesized and proven for the role of acetylation in altering chromatin organization, such as loosening of the DNA-histone contact due to the introduction of charge, recruitment of remodeling factors, because acetylation acts as a tag read by effector modules (bromo domain), etc. These events are followed by the ordered recruitment of transcription factors and finally by a transcriptional output. Several signals induce the activation of the transcription process.[4] These signals could be either intrinsic (metabolic flux) or extrinsic (heat shock). Acetylation is a reversible reaction catalyzed by acetyltransferases and deacetylases. The role of acetylation in transmitting phosphorylation-associated signaling events into read-outs as gene expression has been widely recognized. The focus of this highlight, however, is on the newly discovered role of lysine acetylation in metabolism. Metabolic processes regulate lysine acetylationThe central metabolic processes are carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis), lipid metabolism (b-fatty acid oxidation), protein metabolism and the TCA cycle. Each of these pathways has acetyl CoA as an intermediate (Figure 1). Hence, it is indeed obvious that metabolism and lysine acetylation should be linked, because acetyl CoA is the co-factor for the latter reaction. Amongst the deacetylases, the class III NAD + -dependent deacetylases known as sirtuins have an intricate link to cellular metabolism. These deacetylases, which target both histone and nonhistone proteins, are regulated by metabolic cues, [5][6][7][8][9] their deacetylase activities being dependent on NADH hydroly-

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Lysine Acetylation: The Tale of a Modification from Transcription Regulation to Metabolism

2010

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“…Today, GCT‐ST is rather considered a distinct entity, and some workers think that this tumor represents the soft tissue analogue of GCT of bone because of similar histological and immunohistochemical staining profile 9–11 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Today, GCT-ST is rather considered a distinct entity, and some workers think that this tumor represents the soft tissue analogue of GCT of bone because of similar histological and immunohistochemical staining profile. [9][10][11] Histologically, the differential diagnosis is broad, including both benign and malignant entities, so it is mandatory to plan treatment as clinical behaviour and prognosis significantly differ. 5 With regards to malignant tumors, GCT-ST may be mistaken with soft tissue malignant giant cell tumor (giant-cell-rich variant of pleomorphic sarcoma), extraskeletal osteosarcoma and other osteoclastrich neoplasms (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary giant cell tumor of soft tissue of the groin – a case of 46 years duration

et al. 2009

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“…We have observed the effect of several biological fac- Since the azo dye technique for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity has been shown to be a very useful criterion for the distinction of osteoclasts from the other resorbing cells [4], this technique has been widely used as an effective criterion [5][6][7] . However, it is also said to be insufficient to distinguish osteoclasts from other cells with only TRAP activity [8,9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The fluorescent simultaneous azo dye technique for demonstration of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclast-like multinucleate cells

1995

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The purpose of our research was to show that the fluorescent simultaneous azo dye technique for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity is useful for demonstration of osteoclasts under a fluorescent microscope and a confocal laser scanning microscope . Osteoclast-like multinucleate cells (MNC) were obtained from cultured mouse calvariae . The fluorescent simultaneous azo dye technique for TRAP activity was applied for cultured MNC . For the observation of specimens, both a conventional fluorescent microscope and a confocal laser scanning microscope for three-dimensional localization of TRAP-positive sites were used . Double staining with the azo dye technique was also adapted for mitochondria and tubrin staining . We found that the fluorescent simultaneous azo dye technique for TRAP activity could be used as a method of demonstrating MNC with a fluorescent microscope. We were also able to obtain the serial localization of three-dimensional sectioning images of TRAP-positive sites in MNC with a confocal laser scanning microscope . Moreover, with double staining of MNC as a modified version of the azo dye technique, we were able to observe both cell localization of TRAP-positive sites and other staining with epifluorescent illumination using the blue excitation method . Therefore, by using the fluorescent azo dye technique for TRAP activity, we can simultaneously observe not only the presence of osteoclasts, but also their characteristic construction and function .

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Histochemistry of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme II in osteoclast-like giant cells in bone tumours

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

Lysine Acetylation: The Tale of a Modification from Transcription Regulation to Metabolism

Lysine Acetylation: The Tale of a Modification from Transcription Regulation to Metabolism

Primary giant cell tumor of soft tissue of the groin – a case of 46 years duration

The fluorescent simultaneous azo dye technique for demonstration of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclast-like multinucleate cells

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