Histological and histochemical alterations in the normal breast tissues of patients with advanced breast cancer being treated with estrogenic hormones

Huseby, Robert A.; Thomas, Louis B.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(195401)7:1<54::aid-cncr2820070108>3.0.co;2-5

Cited by 44 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It was concluded that PLH in nonlactating, nonpregnant women was the result of selective susceptibility to estrogen as a nonpathologic variation of normal female breast (2). On the other hand, antipsychotic and antihypertensive drugs, high dose estrogen for advanced breast carcinoma and prostatic carcinoma were reported to correlate with PLH (7)(8)(9). Both of our cases had a history of pregnancy and lactation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy-like (pseudolactational) hyperplasia: uncommon cause of microcalcifications and mass in two cases

Köktener¹,

Çakır²,

Akın³

et al. 2013

Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology

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Pregnancy-like (pseudolactational) hyperplasia (PLH) is not a common lactational change in hyperplastic duct. PLH has been determined as an incidental finding in surgical breast biopsies for benign and malignant cases. Case reports Case 1A 45-year-old woman with a family history of breast cancer underwent a screening mammogram. According to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging and Reporting Data Systems (BIRADS), suspicious microcalcifications (category IV) were detected in the upper quadrant of the left breast (Fig. 1). Ultrasound examination did not show any abnormality. Physical examination was normal. Stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsy was achieved via 10-gauge Vacura on a prone mammography biopsy table (Fig. 2). Histopathologic examination showed pseudolactational hyperplasia including acini containing intraluminal calcification with a laminated appearance, hypersecretory cells with vesicular nuclei and vacuolated cytoplasm. Case 2A 75-year-old woman was admitted for screening mammogram. Mammograms showed retroareolar (Fig. 4). Physical examination was normal. She had been taking an antihypertensive drug including besarten and hydrochlorthiazide Ultrasound guided 14-gauge trucut biopsy was performed. Pathologic examination revealed hyperplastic secretory changes with pregnancy like changes including acinar cells with vacuolated eosinophilic cytoplasm and cystic hyperplasic ductus in multipl adenosis foci. localized microlobulated mass (BIRADS category IV) measuring 15 × 12 mm (Fig. 3). Ultrasound examination confirmed a hypoechoic mass in the same location JBR-BTR, 2013, 96: 25-26. PREGNANCY-LIKE (PSEUDOLACTATIONAL) HYPERPLASIA: UNCOMMON CAUSE OF MICROCALCIFICATIONS AND MASS IN TWO CASES

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy-like (pseudolactational) hyperplasia: uncommon cause of microcalcifications and mass in two cases

Köktener¹,

Çakır²,

Akın³

et al. 2013

Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology

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“…1,5,9,14 Although most patients whose breast specimens show this alteration are previously pregnant, premenopausal or postmenopausal women, this histopathologic change has also been documented in nulliparous women and patients previously treated with estrogens for malignancy. 1,4,5,10 To date, the precise etiology of pregnancy-like change/hyperplasia has not been determined with certainty. However, postulated theories of affected lobules include the persistence of a lactating state after pregnancy, response to endogenous/exogenous hormones, or exogenous drugs/substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, postulated theories of affected lobules include the persistence of a lactating state after pregnancy, response to endogenous/exogenous hormones, or exogenous drugs/substances. 1,[4][5][6]13 Lactational or postlactational change is generally not associated with mammographically detectable calcifications, although a rare case has been reported where diffuse, bilateral calcifications were identified in mammary ducts of a postlactational patient. 12 The authors surmised that the pathogenesis of these calcifications may be related to apoptosis since, histologically, the calcifications were admixed with secretory material and thought to represent inspissated secretions undergoing calcific change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinoma Arising From Preexisting Pregnancy-like and Cystic Hypersecretory Hyperplasia Lesions of the Breast: A Clinicopathologic Study of 9 Patients

Shin

Rosen²

2004

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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The intimate histologic relationship of pregnancy-like hyperplasia (PLH) and cystic hypersecretory hyperplasia (CHH) has been previously reported. However, none of these published cases contained coexisting carcinoma. In this study, we describe 9 additional cases of this lesion, all of which also revealed ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) as well as invasive carcinoma in 1 case. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were reviewed for all cases. All were women who ranged in age from 35 to 49 years (mean 42.0 years; median 42.5 years). Reasons for surgical biopsy were calcifications in 6, breast mass in 2, and nipple discharge in 1. One patient with a mass also experienced nipple discharge. Three women initially underwent needle core biopsy and 6 had an excisional biopsy. Six women ultimately had mastectomies. Histologically, 5 had CHH merging with coexisting PLH. Atypia was seen in one or both components. All 9 cases contained DCIS. Two cases showed micropapillary DCIS, one of which appeared to arise from atypical PLH, while 4 of the 7 cases containing cystic hypersecretory DCIS appeared to arise from coexisting atypical CHH. Well-differentiated invasive carcinoma was identified in 1 case adjacent to cystic hypersecretory DCIS. Subsequent sentinel lymph node biopsy in this case revealed micrometastatic disease. Clinical follow-up was obtained in 9 patients and ranged from 10 to 69 months. All patients were free of disease at the time of last follow-up. Careful clinical follow-up is recommended for lesions that display atypia in PLH, CHH, or a histologically combined lesion. If these lesions are found on a needle core biopsy specimen, an excisional biopsy is recommended. DCIS, usually micropapillary or cystic hypersecretory types, and rarely invasive carcinoma can arise in this setting. Affected patients are typically younger than those with more common types of breast carcinoma.

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“…A number of sex hormone-dependent enzymes have been discovered in target tissues. In human breast, alkaline phosphatase activity has been shown to be oestrogendependent in postmenopausal women, and histochemically localized in the myoepithelium of the proliferating ducts (Huseby & Thomas 1954, Fanger & Barker 1959. Peroxidase activity in rat mammary gland and uterus is induced by oestrogen concomitantly with increase in weight (Lyttle & Jellineck 1972, Lyttle, Garay & DeSombre 1979, Strum 1978.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histochemically demonstrable enzyme activities and their independence of the hormone receptor content in female breast carcinoma

Partanen

Syrjänen

1982

Histopathology

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Acid phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, monoamine oxidase and non specific esterase activities were histochemically demonstrated in specimens derived from 15 infiltrating ductal carcinomas of female breast. The relative areas occupied by the enzyme-positive carcinoma cells were visually estimated and, in the cases of leucine aminopeptidase, assessed morphometrically. All enzyme activities were found to be subject to major variations within a single carcinoma and between individual carcinomas, and the activity of any single enzyme was independent of that of three others. None of the enzyme activities correlated with the estrogen and progesterone receptor values, nor the histological grade of malignancy of the tumour. Thus, histochemically demonstrable enzyme activities seem to be of no use in predicting the hormone receptor content in infiltrating ductal carcinomas of the female breast.

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Histological and histochemical alterations in the normal breast tissues of patients with advanced breast cancer being treated with estrogenic hormones

Cited by 44 publications

References 14 publications

Pregnancy-like (pseudolactational) hyperplasia: uncommon cause of microcalcifications and mass in two cases

Pregnancy-like (pseudolactational) hyperplasia: uncommon cause of microcalcifications and mass in two cases

Carcinoma Arising From Preexisting Pregnancy-like and Cystic Hypersecretory Hyperplasia Lesions of the Breast: A Clinicopathologic Study of 9 Patients

Histochemically demonstrable enzyme activities and their independence of the hormone receptor content in female breast carcinoma

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