Histological and Histochemical Studies of the Aorta and Pulmonary Trunk in STZ-induced Diabetic Wistar Rats Treated with Momordica charantia

Komolafe, O.A.; Ofusori, David A.; Adewole, Olarinde S.; Ayoka, Abiodun Oladele; Bejide, Ronald

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022013000200060

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The findings obtained from this study indicated that the percentage of weight changes significantly decreased in both control and diabetic groups compared to sham group. Administration of STZ caused symptoms such as polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, and hyperglycemia (Golalipour et al, 2013;Komolafe et al, 2013), which is in line with the results of this study (Shenoy & Goyal, 2002). Based on the results of the previous studies, STZ administration decreases the rats' weight due to diabetes induction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Effect of Walnut on the Weight, Blood Glucose and Sex Hormones of Diabetic Male Rats

et al. 2014

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GHORBANI, R.; MOKHTARI, T.; KHAZAEI, M.; SALAHSHOOR, M. R; JALILI, C & BAKHTIARI, M.The effect of walnut on the weight, blood glucose and sex hormones of diabetic male rats. Int. J. Morphol., 32(3):833-838, 2014. SUMMARY:Diabetes leads to reproductive dysfunctions by producing free radicals. It seems that using walnut can be effective in the damage induced by diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of walnut consumption on sex hormones in diabetic Wistar male rats induced by STZ (streptozotocin). Diabetes animals were induced by STZ (60 mg/kg). Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=6), including normal diet and healthy (Sham), Diabetic by normal diet (control) and diabetic by 6, 9 and 12% walnut in their diet (experimental groups), and were examined for 6 weeks. Body weight, blood glucose (3 times), and sex hormones (testosterone, FSH and LH) were measured. Overall, in terms of the mean index, there was a significant difference in the percentage of weight changes between the groups (p<0.001). Blood glucose (3 times) significantly increased in experimental and control groups in comparison with sham group (p<0.001). FSH concentration significantly decreased in control group (p<0.05) and testosterone hormone decreased in experimental and control groups compared to sham group (p<0.05). Oral administration of walnut seems to prevent severe weight loss in the experimental models of diabetic rats and exerts appropriate and useful changes in blood glucose level as well as positive effects on the secretion of sex hormones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Effect of Walnut on the Weight, Blood Glucose and Sex Hormones of Diabetic Male Rats

et al. 2014

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“…Increased glycogen deposition is, therefore, a highly sensitive biomarker of cellular metabolic dysfunction in high glucose. Abnormal glycogen deposition was found in renal tubular cells in clinical diabetic nephropathy 46 , retinal neurons and Muller cells in experimental diabetic retinopathy 47 , associated with demyelination and axonal degeneration in clinical diabetic neuropathy 48 and in arteries of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats 49 . From this finding, criteria for tissue susceptibility to metabolic dysfunction in hyperglycemia are high cytosolic glucose concentration – supported by GLUT1-mediated glucose transport 50 , and HK-2 expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of the unfolded protein response in high glucose treated endothelial cells is mediated by methylglyoxal

Irshad

Xue

Ashour

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

158

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Metabolic dysfunction of endothelial cells in hyperglycemia contributes to the development of vascular complications of diabetes where increased reactive glycating agent, methylglyoxal (MG), is involved. We assessed if increased MG glycation induced proteotoxic stress, identifying related metabolic drivers and protein targets. Human aortal endothelial cells (HAECs) were incubated in high glucose concentration (20 mM versus 5 mM control) in vitro for 3–6 days. Flux of glucose metabolism, MG formation and glycation and changes in cytosolic protein abundances, MG modification and proteotoxic responses were assessed. Similar studies were performed with human microvascular endothelial HMEC-1 cells where similar outcomes were observed. HAECs exposed to high glucose concentration showed increased cellular concentration of MG (2.27 ± 0.21 versus 1.28 ± 0.03 pmol/10 6 cells, P < 0.01) and formation of MG-modified proteins (24.0 ± 3.7 versus 14.1 ± 3.2 pmol/10 6 cells/day; P < 0.001). In proteomics analysis, high glucose concentration increased proteins of the heat shock response – indicating activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) with downstream inflammatory and pro-thrombotic responses. Proteins susceptible to MG modification were enriched in protein folding, protein synthesis, serine/threonine kinase signalling, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. MG was increased in high glucose by increased flux of MG formation linked to increased glucose metabolism mediated by proteolytic stabilisation and increase of hexokinase-2 (HK-2); later potentiated by proteolytic down regulation of glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) - the major enzyme of MG metabolism. Silencing of Glo1, selectively increasing MG, activated the UPR similarly. Silencing of HK-2 prevented increased glucose metabolism and MG formation. trans -Resveratrol and hesperetin combination (tRES-HESP) corrected increased MG and glucose metabolism by increasing expression of Glo1 and decreasing expression of HK-2. Increased MG glycation activates the UPR in endothelial cells and thereby may contribute to endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic vascular disease where tRES-HESP may provide effective therapy.

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“…In this study, the hypertrophy of the aortic walls caused by high salt diet and also the sparse distribution of elastic fibers in Figure 8b was an evidence of injury in that group, as sparsely distributed of elastic fibers reduced the tensile strength and elasticity of the vascular structures which could lead to rupture of the arterial wall. [27] This morphological change was significantly ameliorated by the garlic extract. [27] The impairment of aortic elastic properties in the present research may be due to the direct effect of the high salt diet on the aorta of the rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[27] This morphological change was significantly ameliorated by the garlic extract. [27] The impairment of aortic elastic properties in the present research may be due to the direct effect of the high salt diet on the aorta of the rats. The increased stiffness of the aorta was asso- ciated with the development of cardiovascular diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum) administration alleviates high salt diet-induced changes in the aorta of adult Wistar rats: a morphological and morphometric study

Saka¹,

Komolafe²,

Ogunlade³

et al. 2016

Anatomy

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Objectives: This study was designed to determine the morphometric and histological changes of the wall of the thoracic aorta in high salt-fed adult Wistar rats and the possible ameliorative effects of aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum).Methods: Twenty-five healthy female Wistar rats weighing 130-180 g were randomly assigned into five groups of five rats each (Groups A, B, C, D and E). Rats in Group A were fed with standard laboratory pellets, while Groups B, C, D and E were fed on the high-salt diet for five weeks. Thereafter, daily administration of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg of the garlic extract were giving orally to Groups C, D and E, respectively for 3 weeks while rats in Groups A and B were administered distilled water. The thoracic part of descending aorta at the level of (T6-T7) was excised for histological studies. Paraffin sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome and Verhoeff-Van Gieson stains. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data, followed by Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test for multiple comparisons.Results: High salt diet causes significant histomorphological changes on aorta of rats as evidenced by increase in tunica intima, media and adventitia of the aortic wall and decrease in luminal diameter; these findings were reversed by aqueous garlic extract administration. Conclusion:High salt diet increased the thickness of aortic wall and decreased luminal diameter which were significantly reversed by oral administration of garlic extract.

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Histological and Histochemical Studies of the Aorta and Pulmonary Trunk in STZ-induced Diabetic Wistar Rats Treated with Momordica charantia

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

The Effect of Walnut on the Weight, Blood Glucose and Sex Hormones of Diabetic Male Rats

The Effect of Walnut on the Weight, Blood Glucose and Sex Hormones of Diabetic Male Rats

Activation of the unfolded protein response in high glucose treated endothelial cells is mediated by methylglyoxal

Aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum) administration alleviates high salt diet-induced changes in the aorta of adult Wistar rats: a morphological and morphometric study

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