Histological and Histomorphometric Analyses of Bone Regeneration in Osteoporotic Rats Using a Xenograft Material

Abstract

We evaluated the effect of osteoporotic induction after eight weeks of initial healing of bone defects grafted with a xenograft material in a rat model. Bone defects were created in the femoral condyles of 16 female Wistar rats (one defect per rat). The defects were filled with bovine bone (Inter-Oss) granules. After eight weeks of bone healing, rats were randomly ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM). At 14 weeks of bone healing, all animals were euthanized. Bone specimens were harvested and processed for histological and histomorphometric analyses to assess new bone formation (N-BF%), remaining bone graft (RBG%) and trabecular bone space (Tb.Sp%) within the defect area. After 14 weeks of bone healing, histological evaluation revealed a significant alteration in trabecular bone in OVX rats compared to SHAM rats. There was lower N-BF% in OVX rats (22.5% ± 3.0%) compared to SHAM rats (37.7% ± 7.9%; p < 0.05). Additionally, the RBG% was significantly lower in OVX (23.7% ± 5.8%) compared to SHAM (34.8% ± 9.6%; p < 0.05) rats. Finally, the Tb.Sp% was higher in OVX (53.8% ± 7.7%) compared to SHAM (27.5% ± 14.3%; p < 0.05) rats. In conclusion, within the limitations of this study, inducing an osteoporotic condition in a rat model negatively influenced bone regeneration in the created bone defect and grafted with a xenograft material.

Comparison of the healing process of xenografts with three different sources in critical-size bone defects: An in vivo study

“…Xenografts can be made from different sources, but bovine is the first priority in dental treatments. 23 , 24 In this study, three deproteinized bone grafts derived from camel, ostrich, and bovine were used to fill the defects in rabbit calvaria to evaluate the effect of xenografts’ origin and properties on bone regeneration ability and newly formed bone’s characteristics.…”

Bone Regeneration Using PEVAV/β-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite Scaffolds in Standardized Calvarial Defects: Micro-Computed Tomographic Experiment in Rats

“…The significance of bone becomes more evident in conditions like osteomyelitis and osteoporosis. Moreover, bone defects resulting from traumatic injuries, tumor resection, or alveolar bone resorption following tooth loss, and the resulting defects with variable width and height, represent a challenging clinical situation [ 1 ]. Despite being the gold-standard bone grafting material, autologous bone grafting is associated with increased morbidity because it requires creating a second donor site.…”