Histological and Immunohistochemical Identification of Atypical Ductal Mammary Hyperplasia as a Preneoplastic Marker in Dogs

Ferreira, Ênio; Gobbi, Helenice; Saraiva, B. S.; Cassali, Geovanni Dantas

doi:10.1177/0300985810396105

Cited by 17 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The recognition and diagnosis of mammary intraepithelial lesions in veterinary pathology has been a subject in the recent literature, either for the identification of these lesions adjacent to invasive carcinomas, or for the prospect of its use as experimental models about pathogenesis and prognosis of these lesions [30–32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Aspects and Immunophenotypic Profiles of Mammary Carcinomas in Benign-Mixed Tumors of Female Dogs

Ribeiro

Bertagnolli

Cassali

2012

Veterinary Medicine International

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Carcinoma in benign-mixed tumor (CBMT) is common in the female canine mammary gland and comprises malignant epithelial between benign mesenchymal elements. This study investigated the morphological aspects of 29 CBMT and their immunophenotypical profiles, by using an immunohistochemistry panel based on five molecular markers—estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), cytokeratin 5 (CK5), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR). From these, CBMT was classified into four subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2-like, basal-like, and normal. “In situ” and invasive carcinomatous components were analyzed and compared. Histological grade I carcinoma was observed in 16 cases (55.2%) of the tumors analyzed, grade II in 10 cases (34.5%), and grade III in three cases (10.3%). The invasive carcinomatous component has shown, more frequently, luminal A (12/29 cases, 41.4%), followed by basal-like phenotype (8/29 cases, 27.6%). There was high concordance between immunophenotypical profiles of the in situ and invasive carcinomatous components (kappa coefficient = 0.816, P < 0.001). We concluded that CBMT predominantly has features of low-grade neoplasms of malignancy. The various immunophenotypic profiles suggest the origin of these lesions in more than one cell type (luminal and myoepithelial).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Aspects and Immunophenotypic Profiles of Mammary Carcinomas in Benign-Mixed Tumors of Female Dogs

Ribeiro

Bertagnolli

Cassali

2012

Veterinary Medicine International

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“…CDSCC is histologically similar to SCC arising in other parts of the body, 3 but the application of histological grade criteria for cutaneous SCC does not predict the development of metastasis or multicentric tumors. 10 The aims of our study were (1) to provide a better characterization of the epidemiology of this tumor, (2) to better characterize the clinical outcome, and (3) to identify clinically relevant prognostic factors.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For E-cadherin, it was 0 for 0% to 5%, 1 for 6% to 25%, 2 for 26% to 50%, 3 for 51% to 75%, and 4 for 76% to 100%. 2,13 All statistical analyses were carried out with R (R Development Core Team, Vienna, Austria). A P value <.05 was considered statistically significant.…”

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confidence: 99%

Digital Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Dogs

et al. 2013

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Squamous cell carcinoma represents 47.4% of all malignant canine digital lesions, but despite its frequency, there are few published studies available. Pathology submission records of 154 cases and follow-up of 49 animals were analyzed. On the 49 cases, histological evaluation was performed of the differentiation degree, mitotic index, presence of emboli, and immunohistochemical expression of vimentin and E-cadherin. The mean (SD) age of affected animals was 10.2 (2.3) years; no sex predisposition was recorded. Beauceron and Briard were 2 new overrepresented breeds. Dark-haired animals comprised 97 of 105 (92%); 94 dogs of 125 (75.2%) belonged to large and giant breeds. The forelimb was affected twice more than the hind limb. Probable metastases were observed in 4 dogs; new tumor development was recorded in 11 of 49 (22.4%). Epidemiologic factors, histological grade, mitotic index, and expression of immunohistochemical markers seemed not to be related to the clinical outcome.Keywords digit, dog, epidemiology, histological grading, immunohistochemistry, prognostic factors, squamous cell carcinoma Malignant neoplastic processes account for 53.5% of all digital lesions in dogs, 15 and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most commonly diagnosed tumor. Affected animals have a mean age range between 7 and 9.8 years, depending on the study. 7,15 No sex predisposition has been described, and some breeds have been reported as overrepresented, particularly Rottweiler, Giant Schnauzer, Standard Poodle, and Dachshund. 4,11,12 Multiple digits can be affected, 3,4,12 and metastases have been recorded, with a prevalence ranging from 5% to 25% to local lymph nodes and lungs. 8,9,11,15 Although canine digital squamous cell carcinoma (CDSCC) is a frequent tumor, with an incidence of 47.4% of all digital malignant lesions, 15 clinical information is limited. The veterinary literature of digital SCC consists of 4 articles and 3 case reports, 5,[8][9][10][11][12]15 and thus epidemiological data may be considered incomplete, and no analyses of prognostic factors have been reported, to the best of our knowledge. CDSCC is histologically similar to SCC arising in other parts of the body, 3 but the application of histological grade criteria for cutaneous SCC does not predict the development of metastasis or multicentric tumors. 10The aims of our study were (1) to provide a better characterization of the epidemiology of this tumor, (2) A questionnaire about the follow-up and the development of multiple tumors was sent to all submitting veterinarians, and 49 replies were received. The answers to the questionnaire were obtained in May 2012, and thus the follow-up ranged from 23 to 28 months. Data concerning survival, the eventual cause of death, the presence or absence of metastasis, and new tumor development (occurrence, number of developed tumors, disease-free period) were analyzed.For the 49 cases in which follow-up data were available, 1 or more paraffin blocks derived from the same mass or multiple masses (5 cases) were obtai...

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“…Every tissue/organ involved together with the corresponding grade and growth pattern (expansile vs. infiltrative) was recorded. Immunohistochemical expression patterns of normal endometrium as well as epithelial and stromal components of different histological types of endometriosis were evaluated semiquantitatively according to Ferreira et al (2012). Staining for cytokeratin, vimentin, SMA, desmin, and vWF, was, respectively, scored in five categories: negative (−) with < 5 % of cells stained, sparse ((+)) with 5 to 25 % of cells stained, mild (+) with 25 to 50 % of cells stained, moderate or heterogeneous (++) with 50 to 75 % of cells stained, and strong (+ + +) with > 75 % of cells stained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and immunohistochemical characterization of spontaneous endometriosis in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

2017

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Abstract. Several cases of spontaneous endometriosis in middle-aged to old rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) from the breeding colony of the German Primate Center were thoroughly characterized with regards to anatomical distribution and macroscopic appearance, histological differentiation and immunohistochemical profile including somatic markers, hormonal receptors, and proliferation indices. More than half of the examined animals (five of nine) were directly related to one breeding male, supporting a strong genetic predisposition. Histologically, four different types of endometriotic lesions, depending on the degree of ectopic endometrial gland and stromal differentiation (well differentiated, purely stromal, mixed differentiation, poorly differentiated), could be constantly identified within all animals. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of cytokeratin (CK), vimentin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin, estrogen (ER), and progesterone (PR) receptors as well as of the nuclear proteins Ki67 and p53 revealed varying staining patterns in the four different types of endometriosis differentiation and compared to normal endometrium. Purely stromal, mixed, or poorly differentiated lesions, especially, showed additional cytokeratin-positive stromal cells, whereas epithelial cells of endometriosis with mixed or poor differentiation increasingly expressed mesenchymal markers (vimentin, SMA). Hormonal receptor and Ki67 expression in well-differentiated endometriotic lesions mostly reflected that of normal endometrial tissue according to the cyclic phase of the animal, while the expression gradually diminished with decreasing grade of differentiation. However, increased nuclear accumulations of p53 antigen could only be continuously detected in epithelial cells of mixed or poorly differentiated endometriosis. Altogether, these findings support the pathogenetic theory of coelomic metaplasia, since the expression profiles of somatic markers in less differentiated forms closely resembled that of mesothelial cells. Thus, the four different histological types of endometriosis might display subsequent grades of differentiation in the course of time, with poorly differentiated types representing newly formed, immature lesions and well-differentiated types being older, fully differentiated forms, rather than being the outcome of dedifferentiation processes.

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Histological and Immunohistochemical Identification of Atypical Ductal Mammary Hyperplasia as a Preneoplastic Marker in Dogs

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Morphological Aspects and Immunophenotypic Profiles of Mammary Carcinomas in Benign-Mixed Tumors of Female Dogs

Morphological Aspects and Immunophenotypic Profiles of Mammary Carcinomas in Benign-Mixed Tumors of Female Dogs

Digital Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Dogs

Morphological and immunohistochemical characterization of spontaneous endometriosis in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

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