Histological and Immunohistochemical Study of Selenium Regenerative Effect on Submandibular and Sublingual Glands of Aging Rats

Abstract

Background:The role of Selenium as an antioxidant has become a point of interest for its importance in prevention of cancer and other systemic diseases especially those associated with aging. Objectives:The aim of the present investigation was to investigate the effect of Selenium supplementation on the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands of aging rats through:1-Histological examination. 2-Immunohistochemical localization of Ki67. Materials and Methods:Thirty young adult male albino rats with body weight ranged from 80-110 gram and of 2 month age were used and divided into the following groups. Group I (control group): Consisted of 20 rats, subdivided into 2 subgroups. Group I.1:10 animals were sacrificed after one month to serve as young controls. Group I.2:10 animals were left till the end of the experiment to serve as old controls. Group II: 10 animals received Selenium 150 µg/kg diet for the whole experimental period. The experiment lasted for 9 months.Results: histological results revealed that aging caused devastating effects on the histological structure of submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. Selenium markedly modulated the action of aging process and increased the regenerative capacity of submandibular and sublingual glands. According to expression intensity of Ki67 stain in submandibular and sublingual glands, there was statistically significant difference between young, selenium and old groups. In general, expression intensity of Ki67 stain was the highest in the young control group followed by selenium group and lowest in old control group. Also, ki67 expression was significantly higher in sublingual than submandibular glands. Conclusions:Selenium was documented to have a powerful and beneficial antiaging effect. This faced lights around the promising role of selenium in the new era of regenerative medicine. Sublingual gland was more resistant to regressive changes of aging than submandibular gland.

The Prospective Effect of Cinnamon and Chia on Submandibular Salivary Glands After Ciprofloxacin Administration in Albino Rats (Histological, Histochemical, and Ultrastructural Study)

“…Also, ROS induce the production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and Interleukin - 1 beta (IL-1β) which mediate the recruitment, activation, and adherence of circulating phagocytic cells (macrophages and neutrophils) (Ott et al, 2007; Cheng et al, 2019). Our results are also matched with that of Elsaied (2019) who reported that dilatation of BVs and their engorgement with RBCs and neutrophils are related to free radicals and ROS generation. In addition, the inflammatory process is associated with vasodilation to increase the blood flow to the affected area (Ramanlal & Gupta, 2021)…”

“…Ultrastructural results of CIN Group could be related to the antioxidant effect of CIN as mentioned by Gowder & Devaraj (2006) who had shown that oral administration of cinnamaldehyde "the major constituent compound of CIN and gives CIN its flavor and odor" contributes in the increase of antioxidants level such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-s-transferase in liver. The mechanism of action of antioxidants is probably related to their ability to quench free radicals and protect against oxidative damage to DNA, cell membrane, and cell organelles (Elsaied, 2019). In addition, cells treated with CIN have abundance of proteins responsible for intercellular junctions such as claudin-4 and scaffolding proteins (Sun et al, 2017).…”

“…This decrease of GAGs reflect improvement in function of SMGs as normal serous acini have low levels of GAGs on contrary to the mucous acini which have high GAG levels (Chiego & Daniel, 2013). This improvement could be related to the antioxidant effect of CIN that protects cell organelles from oxidative damage and aids in restoring normal function of different organelles (Elsaied, 2019).…”

A Possible Novel Protective Effect of Piceatannol against Isoproterenol (ISO)-Induced Histopathological, Histochemical, and Immunohistochemical Changes in Male Wistar Rats

“…Another study evaluated histomorphometry age-related changes in aging rats’ submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. It concluded a marked increase in the mean number of Ki-67 positive cells in seromucous acinar cells accompanied by a lower decrease in mucous acinar cells [ 75 ]. These findings correlate with our study’s findings as Ki-67 expression was significantly higher in parotid and submandibular than sublingual gland.…”