Histological and Immunohistochemical Study on Nitric Oxide Synthase and Effects of Angiotensin Receptor Blockade in Early Phase of Diabetes in Rat Kidney

Abstract

Hypothesis: Several studies demonstrated that the patho-physiologic and morphologic changes in early diabetic nephropathy were mediated by either an increase or decrease in the nitric oxide (NO) production and/or activity. There are few reports suggesting a relationship between NO and renin-angiotensin system. Objectives: The present study was designed to determine the effects of early diabetic state on NO production and also to assess the protective effects of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) on these changes. Material and Methods: Thirty adult male albino rats were included in this study. Twenty were injected with streptozotocin for induction of diabetes. The other ten were injected with the vehicle and served as control. Two days after injection, the diabetic animals were randomly divided into two groups of ten animals each. One group was given Valsartan as an ARB and the other group received no further treatment. Three weeks later, all animals were sacrificed and the kidneys were processed for paraffin sections. The sections were stained with H & E, Masson trichrome and PAS reaction. Also, the sections were stained with immunohistochemical stain against endothelium-derived nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Results: Diabetes induced histological changes in the form of glomerular hypertrophy,

Impact of quercetin on pulmonary toxicity induced by diesel exhaust nanoparticles in albino rat : Histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical study

“…Immunohistochemical staining of inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS) was conducted by using primary antibody of iNOS (rabbit polyclonal PA3-030A diluted 1:200, Thermo-Fisher Scientific).Secondary antibody used was rabbit antirat IgG Alexa Fluor-594 (diluted 1:200) from Thermo-Fisher Scientifi c [19] . Immunohistochemical staining of anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was done by using primary monoclonal antibody anti-PCNA IgG antibody (Santa Cruz, CA, USA.…”