Histological and immunohistochemical study on the potential toxicity of sliver nanoparticles on the structure of the spleen in adult male albino rats

Abstract

Introduction: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) remain one of the controversial research areas regarding their distribution, dissolution and their toxicity to biological systems. Aim of the work: To evaluate the potential toxicity of different doses of AgNPs on the spleen of adult Albino rats. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into two main groups; control group: included ten rats that received intraperitoneal saline solution, daily, and experimental group: included thirty rats that received intraperitoneal AgNPs dissolved in saline solution, and were equally subdivided into three subgroups. Subgroup IIa received AgNPs (100 mg/ kg/d), subgroup IIb received AgNPs (500 mg/kg/d) and subgroup IIc received AgNPs (1000 mg/kg/d). After 28 days, rats were euthanized and the spleen specimens were prepared for light and electron microscope studies. Results: Spleen of AgNPs-treated rats revealed dose-dependent structural changes in the form of reduced sized white pulp follicles with depletion of lymphocytes, degeneration and apoptosis. Nanoparticles were seen in both white and red pulps. There was a highly statistical significant increase in the optical density of caspase-3 in subgroups IIa, IIb and IIc when compared to that of the control group. Conclusions: AgNPs induced structural alterations in the spleen with evidence of inflammatory response and oxidative stress. These effects were dose-dependent.

Differential Expression of CD3, TNF-α, and VEGF Induced by Olanzapine on the Spleen of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C

“…The vacuolar degeneration observed in the parenchyma of the spleens treated with Olanzapine was consistent with other researchers, who suggested that silver nanoparticles induced autophagosomes containing cellular debris, disintegrated materials, lipid droplets, and changed intracellular homeostasis [26,27].…”

Toxic Effects of Metallic Nanoparticles on Rat’s Spleen; a Review

“…These alterations included a reduction in the size of the white pulp follicles, as well as a depletion of lymphocytes, degeneration, and apoptosis. The spleen had structural changes that were consistent with an inflammatory response and oxidative stress after exposure to AgNPs [36]. An investigation by histopathology revealed congestion, bleeding, cellular degradation, apoptosis, and necrosis in the tissue of the liver and kidneys, in addition to lymphocytic depletion with growing visible macrophages in the spleen [37].…”

ECO-FRIENDLY, NON-TOXIC, AND HIGHLY ANTIMICROBIALBIOSYNTHESIZED OF Silver NANOPARTICLES (PAgNPs) FROM POMEGRANATE(PUNICA GRANATUM) PEEL (WASTE) EXTRACT (PPE) WITH MANY APPLICATIONS IN NANO INDUSTRIES AND PATHOGEN ELIMINATION FROM WATER

“…Their potential for usage in biomedicine is greatly constrained by the utilization of expensive, unstable, and poisonous chemicals. Therefore, biological methods continue to be the best, including medicinal plant extracts, fungi, and prokaryotic bacteria which employed for the biological synthesis of AgNPs because it's time saving, cost-effective, and environmentally benign procedure [3].…”