Histological Observation on the Female Prostate in Mongolian Gerbils (&lt;I&gt;Meriones unguiculatus&lt;/I&gt;)

Inomata, Tomo; Ninomiya, Hiroyoshi; Somiya, Hiroaki; Saito, Hiroshi; Mochizuki, Kiyofumi

doi:10.1538/expanim1978.41.3_383

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Although the first evidence about the female prostate were based on human studies (De Graaf, 1672; Skene, 1880), nowadays it is possible to find several reports about the female prostate in other mammal species, especially in rodents. Females of different rodent species have a prostate gland, such as Mastomys erythroleucus (Brambell and Davis, 1940), Rattus rattus (Shehata, 1972), Arvicantihis niloticus (Shehata, 1975), Meriones lybicus (Shehata, 1975), Rattus norvegicus (Shehata, 1980), Praomys natalensis (Gross and Didio, 1987), Meriones unguiculatus (Inomata et al, 1992), and Lagostomus maximus maximus (Flamini et al, 2002). Besides rodents, this gland is also found in females of other mammal species, such as rabbits (Elchlepp, 1952), bats (Matthews, 1942), and dogs (Aguiar et al, 2013).…”

Section: Rodent As a Model For Studying The Female Prostatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Mahoney (), Lore Marx (1931) was the first to describe the female prostate in rats. The prostate of female rodents, different from the women prostate, is lobed and shows a lateral or a ventrolateral localization in regards to the urethral wall (Korenchevsky, ; Mahoney, ; Inomata et al, ; Satoh et al, ). Indeed, different from males, female rodents only develop a lateral or a ventrolateral pair of lobes that surrounds the urethra (Korenchevsky, ; Brambell and Davis, ; Gross and Didio, ; Biancardi et al, ), as shown in Figure .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prostate development seems to be a constitutive biological process of males and females of some mammal species. The female prostate also develops from the UGS (Mahoney, ; Inomata et al, ; Rodríguez et al, ). As in males, the female prostatic epithelial buds arise from the UGS, invade the pm around the urethral epithelium, and elongate inside this mesenchymal tissue towards the paraurethral mesenchyme (pam), a condensed mesenchymal tissue in which the buds start to undergo branching morphogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Female prostate: historical, developmental, and morphological perspectives

Biancardi

Santos

Carvalho

et al. 2017

Cell Biology International

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The female prostate was first described by Reijnier de Graaf in 1672, and even after several years this gland is still a matter of controversy. Part of this is because the biological function of this female gland is unclear. Moreover, when compared with the male prostate, the existence of this organ in females does not make sense, mainly when we consider that the major function of this gland is to produce a secretion that is responsible for guarantee the sperm survival and assure the reproductive success. However, even under a controversy field, we now have a lot of scientific information which enhances our knowledge of several important biological aspects of this gland. It is clear that this gland is found in some female mammals including humans, rodents, rabbits, bats, and dogs. Several studies with rodents showed that the female prostate is homolog of the male prostate, showing strong macroscopic and microscopic similarities with the ventral lobe of males. Besides these aspects, there are several studies reporting that diseases such as cysts, hyperplasia, and carcinoma may affect the female prostate. Therefore, although diseases involving the female prostate are rare, the susceptibility of this organ to develop lesions must be considered, especially in our recent years in which the exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals has greatly increased. Finally, further studies will be necessary to enhance our understanding about this gland, mainly of the developmental, evolutionary, and biological functions.

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Section: Rodent As a Model For Studying The Female Prostatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Female prostate: historical, developmental, and morphological perspectives

Biancardi

Santos

Carvalho

et al. 2017

Cell Biology International

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“…However, this gland is not exclusive to males. The prostate is found in women and other female mammals, such as rodents (Brambell & Davis, 1940; Shehata, 1975, 1980; Inomata et al, 1992; Santos et al, 2006; Biancardi et al, 2010; Flamini et al, 2020), bats (Matthews, 1942), dogs (Aguiar et al, 2013), and rabbits (Elchlepp, 1952). In women, glands surrounding the female urethra are homologous to men's prostate (Evatt, 1911).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female Prostate Development: Morphological Analysis of the Budding Dynamic

et al. 2022

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The presence of the prostate in female mammals has long been known. However, pieces of information related to its development are still lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the budding dynamic during the initial prostate development in female gerbils. Pregnant females were timed, the fetuses were euthanized, and the urogenital sinus was dissected out between the embryonic days 20 and 24 (E20–E24 groups). Newborn pups (1-day-old; P1 group) underwent the same procedures. The female prostate development was based on epithelial buds which arose far from the paraurethral mesenchyme (PAM). The epithelial buds reached the PAM at prenatal day 24, crossing a small gap in the smooth muscle layer between the periurethral mesenchyme (PEM) and the PAM. Steroid nuclear receptors such as the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor alpha were localized in the PEM through the urethral wall, although some epithelial labeling was also present in the urogenital sinus epithelium (UGE). P63-positive cells were found only in the UGE, becoming restricted to the basal compartment after the 23rd prenatal day. The results showed that the gerbil female prostate exhibits a distinct budding pattern as compared to the male prostate development.

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“…Paraurethral glands as an active functioning organ in a female body have become the center of attention of clinicians and pathologists only in the second half of XX century. The data regarding the unified embryological origin of paraurethral glands and male prostate from the urogenital sinus have accumulated [28][29][30].…”

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confidence: 99%

Peculiarities of ultrasound diagnostics of paraurethral glands in women of fertile age

et al. 2021

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Aim. Evaluation of ultrasound diagnostics of paraurethral glands considering their types of location in women of fertile age. Materials and methods. A gynaecological, sexological and ultrasound study of 94 women in the age from 24 to 42 (average age 31.01 ± 6.60) was carried out. Determination of paraurethral glands during ultrasound study was conducted in the format of grey scale (B-mode) using the Doppler colour flow mapping and evaluation of Doppler indices of paraurethral glands both before and after sexual stimulation. To optimize the paraurethral glands visual view at the beginning of examination urinary bladder was catheterized and a balloon, filled with gel, was inserted into vagina. Results. The front type of paraurethral glands location was found in the accumulation of glandular tissues in regard to the distal part of urethra in 67 (71.2 %) of the examined, back type – in the area of back urethra in 19 (20.2 %), diffuse type – along urethra in 7 (7.5 %) and absence – in 1 (1.1 %). Paraurethral glands were visualized in the form of clear isoechogenic oval formation with the following dimensions: length – 2.20 ± 0.60 cm, width – 1.52 ± 0.40 cm, thickness – 1.30 ± 0.30 cm, and volume – 4.75 ± 0.50 cm3. The diameter of vessels in the paraurethral glands area was between 0.17 cm and 0.21 cm in calm state and 0.39–0.41 cm – during stimulation. Maximum systolic speed of blood flow (Vps) in calm was 8.9–11.1 cm/sec, while in sexual stimulation it was 13.9–14.1 cm/sec, resistance index (IR) – 0.60–0.62 and 0.63–0.68, respectively, pulsation index (IP) – 1.22–1.44 and 1.61–1.72, respectively. Conclusions. The ultrasound study of vessels of paraurethral glands, when Doppler method is used according to the suggested methodology, gives the opportunity not only to identify its anatomical structure, but also to determine its types. In CDC the increase of diameter of vessels and the optimization of vessels image in the area of paraurethral glands in case of sexual stimulation were marked.

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Histological Observation on the Female Prostate in Mongolian Gerbils (<I>Meriones unguiculatus</I>)

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Female prostate: historical, developmental, and morphological perspectives

Female prostate: historical, developmental, and morphological perspectives

Female Prostate Development: Morphological Analysis of the Budding Dynamic

Peculiarities of ultrasound diagnostics of paraurethral glands in women of fertile age

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