Histological Study on the Effects of Ethanol Injection on Month Mucosa Contraction Loss

Abstract

We previously reported that a loss of contraction in the mucosal tissue of the palate arch is effectively induced by ethanol injections of moderate concentration and dosage. The present study was performed to obtain more information on how such ethanol injections induce contraction loss in mucosa tissue. Guinea pigs of both sexes were used in this study. The left arch of the palate mucosa was injected with 2 microliters of 70% ethanol and used as the experimental group. The right arch of the palate mucosa of the same animal was injected with saline and used as a control. One, three, five, eight, 10, 30, 50, and 90 days after injection, the mucosal tissues that received the injection were resected under anesthesia and processed for light microscopy using standard procedures. One day after the ethanol injection, severe coagulative degeneration of the mucosal tissue of the palate was seen. However, the damaged area was strictly restricted to the arch of the palate. Coagulative degeneration of the tissue peaked three days after the injection. Thereafter, the mucosal epithelial and mucosal connective tissues regenerated, and the damaged mucosal tissue quickly began to repair. An apparent cicatricial contraction loss was observed 10 days after the ethanol injection, along with the progression of fibrotic changes in the submucosal connective tissue of the arch of the palate. The regenerative action of the mucosal arch of the palate abated 30 days after the ethanol injection, and the reduced mucosal tissue appeared to have become denser as a result of an increase in dense fibrous connective tissue in the submucosal layer. No cell malignancies were seen throughout the entire 90-day observation period. In conclusion, cicatricial contraction loss of the mucosal arch of the palate resulting from the injection of an appropriate concentration and dosage of ethanol leads to the regeneration of the mucosal epithelium and fibrotic changes in the submucosa. The ethanol injection described here seems to be extremely safe, since it exerted no malignant effects on the cells and tissues either morphologically or functionally.

Effects of Dexamethasone on Tissue Injury and Reconstruction in Ethanol/Steroid Injection Therapy for Allergic Rhinitis

“…No significant differences in these changes were observed between the E-and E/Dex-injected tissue groups up to day 5 after injection. These results closely resemble histological changes reported for intramucosal injections in guinea pig oral mucosa, which has tissue properties similar to those of human inferior turbinate mucosa [2,3].…”

“…We first studied macroscopic level and histological changes after intradermal injection of 70% E, E/Dex, or Sa to determine whether mouse skin could be used as an intramucosal injection model for the nasal mucosa, which is the intended target of the drug, as described previously [2]. Although vesicular swelling appeared at all the sites immediately after intradermal injection, it abated on day 2.…”

“…The extent of these processes is difficult to control in these therapies, however, and often leads to mucosal erosion and severe pain for patients. To address this problem, we attempted to develop a new clinical treatment for allergic rhinitis that mitigates requisite mucosal damage through the injection of ethanol (E) containing a glucocorticoid into the inferior turbinate mucosa in taking advantage of the superior degeneration and coagulation capabilities of E in tissues [1,2]. We predicted that considerable technical skill would be required to inject ethanol into the nasal mucosa without spreading tissue damage to the mucosal surface.…”

The effect of tissue ablation model with radiofrequency induced thermotherapy and ethanol in tongue base

“…15,16 Ethanol which has been used for many years for liver tumor ablation has also been used experimentally as a submucosal injection for restricted ablation. 11,12,17 It has also been shown that a mixture of ethanol/steroid injected into the elongated uvula and soft palate resulted in shortening of the uvula and improvement in snoring. 13 There is no study that com-…”