Histological topographical comparisons of atherosclerosis progression in juveniles and young adults

Homma, Satoki; Troxclair, Dana; Zieske, Arthur W.; Malcom, Gray T.; Strong, Jack P.

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.07.027

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The procedures for immunohistochemical staining used in the present study were previously shown [7]. Two dual immunohistochemical stains were conducted for each sample: (1) macrophages (HAM-56) and alpha smooth muscle actin (1A4, Carpinteria); and (2) T-lymphocytes (anti-CD3, PS1) and B-lymphocytes (anti-CD20, L26) (Supplementary Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous study using PDAY materials revealed the diversity of susceptibility to the progression of fatty streaks into preatheromas according to microscopic topographical differences in the thoracic aorta (TA) and the left coronary artery (LAD). In summary, based on differences in the histological features, the LAD was more vulnerable to lesion progression than the TA [7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Histological changes and risk factor associations in type 2 atherosclerotic lesions (fatty streaks) in young adults

Homma

Troxclair

Zieske³

et al. 2011

Atherosclerosis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate which histological changes associated with risk factors could contribute to the progression from the initial atherosclerotic lesions including fatty streaks to the advanced lesions. Methods We examined the associations of histomorphometric findings in the determined anatomical sites of mid-thoracic aortas (TAs) and left coronary arteries (LADs) with major risk factors for atherosclerosis, using a young autopsied series from the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth study. The histological classification by the American Heart Association was graded for 1,013 TAs and 1,009 LADs. Histometric study, including immunohistochemistry, was performed in type 2 lesions (fatty streaks) of TAs from 59 subjects and LADs from 45 ones. Results For the progression from the initial lesions into the advanced atherosclerotic lesions, the most effective lipid profiles were low plasma HDL-C in TA and elevated serum non-HDL-C in LAD. This lipid profile of each artery correlated with number or density of intimal smooth muscle cell-derived foam cells, respectively. The serum concentration of non-HDL-C correlated with macrophage foam cells in TAs. Hypertension and hyperglycemia were associated with increase of intimal area and/or collagen content in both arteries, but not with either types of foam cell proliferation. Smoking correlated with increased collagen content in TAs. Conclusion There were histologically different ways of progressing from fatty streaks to advanced atherosclerotic lesions depending on the risk factors. For the atherosclerosis progression from type 2 lesions to advanced lesions, increase in number of smooth muscle cell-derived foam cells could be an important indicator.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological changes and risk factor associations in type 2 atherosclerotic lesions (fatty streaks) in young adults

Homma

Troxclair

Zieske³

et al. 2011

Atherosclerosis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As mentioned before, the animal models are predominantly setup to develop and study the very early fatty streak lesions with macrophage foam cells. Such lesions start very early in life in humans (even in infants and children) below the age of 15 [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. Maternal hypercholesterolemia seems to strongly influence the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the young.…”

Section: Human Atherosclerosis and Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid peroxidation and decomposition — Conflicting roles in plaque vulnerability and stability

Parthasarathy

Litvinov

Selvarajan

et al. 2008

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation hypothesis has generated considerable interest in oxidative stress and how it might affect atherosclerosis. However, the failure of antioxidants, particularly vitamin E, to affect the progression of the disease in humans has convinced even staunch supporters of the hypothesis to take a step backwards and reconsider alternatives.Preponderant evidence for the hypothesis came from animal antioxidant intervention studies. In this review we point out basic differences between animal and human atherosclerosis development and suggest that human disease starts where animal studies end. While initial oxidative steps in the generation of early fatty streak lesions might be common, the differences might be in the steps involved in the decomposition of peroxidized lipids into aldehydes and their further oxidation into carboxylic acids. We suggest that these steps may not be amenable to attenuation by antioxidants and antioxidants might actually counter the stabilization of plaque by preventing the formation of carboxylic acids which are anti-inflammatory in nature. The formation of such dicarboxylic acids may also be conducive to plaque stabilization by trapping calcium.We suggest that agents that would prevent the decomposition of lipid peroxides and promote the formation and removal of lipid hydroxides, such as paraoxonase (PON 1) or apo A1/high density lipoprotein (HDL) might be more conducive to plaque regression. KeywordsAtherosclerosis; aldehydes; dicarboxylation; inflammation; calcification Oxidation hypothesis of atherosclerosisAtherosclerosis is the major manifestation of cardiovascular diseases. The role of lipoproteins in atherosclerosis development has been a topic of interest for over five decades. It is now established beyond doubt that high levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) contribute significantly to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases [1][2][3][4][5].The biochemical processes that contributed to the formation of early atherosclerotic lesions, the fatty streak lesions, are still under debate. The LDL oxidation hypothesis was put forward in the eighties to explain the formation of fatty streak lesions and over 4000 publications and countless reviews have appeared on the topic to date [6][7][8][9][10][11] providing evidence for the presence *Address correspondence to: Sampath Parthasarathy, Ph.D., M.B.A*. N-850 Doan Hall, 410 W. 10 th Avenue, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, Tel: (614) Fax: (614) 292-9259, E-mail: spartha@osumc.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all ...

show abstract

“…4 Importantly, the prevalence and severity of atherosclerosis in autopsied adolescents and young adults are associated with the presence of CVD risk factors. 5 Collegiate football players, linemen in particular, are a unique cohort of young adults who may be particularly vulnerable to future cardiac events.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Collegiate Football Players and Nonathletes

Dobrosielski¹,

Rosenbaum

Wooster

et al. 2010

Journal of American College Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Histological topographical comparisons of atherosclerosis progression in juveniles and young adults

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Histological changes and risk factor associations in type 2 atherosclerotic lesions (fatty streaks) in young adults

Histological changes and risk factor associations in type 2 atherosclerotic lesions (fatty streaks) in young adults

Lipid peroxidation and decomposition — Conflicting roles in plaque vulnerability and stability

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Collegiate Football Players and Nonathletes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About