Histology of Callogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis Induced in Stem Fragments of Cork Oak (Quercus suber) Cultured In Vitro

Maâtaoui, Mohamed El; Espagnac, H.; Michaux-Ferrière, Nicole

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a088014

Cited by 51 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Somatic embryos of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) produce secondary embryogenesis on medium that lacks plant growth regulators (PGRs) (El Maâ taoui et al 1990;Ferná ndez-Guijarro et al 1995). This phenomenon, known as autoembryony, has been described for several species and is the basis of embryo cloning, giving this technique the potential to produce high multiplication rates (Merkle 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histology of Organogenic and Embryogenic Responses in Cotyledons of Somatic Embryos of Quercus suber L.

Puigderrajols

Celestino

Suils

et al. 2000

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. In cork oak (Quercus suber L.), recurrent embryogenesis is produced in vitro through autoembryony without exogenous plant growth regulators (PGRs); secondary embryos appear on the embryo axis but seldom on cotyledons. Focusing mainly on the histological origin of neoformations, we investigated the influence of the embryo axis and exogenous PGRs on the embryogenic potential of somatic embryo cotyledons. Isolated cotyledons of somatic embryos became necrotic when cultured on PGR-free medium but gave secondary embryos when cultured on media containing benzyladenine and naphthaleneacetic acid. Cotyledons of cork oak somatic embryos are competent to give embryogenic responses. Isolated cotyledons without a petiole showed a lower percentage of embryogenic response than did those with a petiole. In petioles, somatic embryos arose from inner parenchyma tissues following a multicellular budding pattern. Joined to the embryo axis, cotyledons did not show morphogenic responses when cultured on PGR-free medium but revealed budlike and phylloid formations when cultured on medium with PGRs. The different morphogenic behavior displayed by somatic cotyledons indicates an influence of the embryo axis and indicates a relationship between organogenic and embryogenic regeneration pathways. HISTOLOGY OF ORGANOGENIC AND EMBRYOGENIC RESPONSES IN COTYLEDONS OF SOMATIC EMBRYOS OF QUERCUS SUBER L.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histology of Organogenic and Embryogenic Responses in Cotyledons of Somatic Embryos of Quercus suber L.

Puigderrajols

Celestino

Suils

et al. 2000

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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“…In the first one, the early signs of histological modification were observed within the cortical tissue of explants and could be interpreted as the first steps of dedifferentiation in parenchyma cells as mentioned in Quercus suber [10,11] and other species [2,31]. This resulted in the formation of calli composed of vacuolated cells and clumps of densely stained, mitotically active cells underneath the explant surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Multiplication of embryogenic lines via secondary embryogenesis was most frequently accomplished using culture media containing the cytokinin BAP, with auxin NAA or IBA (Q. suber [4,11,12,13]) or 2,4-D (Q. robur [5,34]). More rarely BAP alone or in combination with GA 3 was used (Q. petraea [20], Q. robur [5,34], Q. acutissima [39]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondary embryogenesis on culture media without growth regulators has been reported for a number of species including Q. rubra [16], Q. suber [11,14], Q. acutissima [22] and Q. robur [9,34]. Fernández-Guijarro et al [14] showed that on these growth regulator-free media, the secondary embryogenesis is influenced by macronutrient composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histological investigation of the multiplication step in secondary somatic embryogenesis of Quercus robur L.

2001

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-Standardized explants composed of hypocotyl and root-tip were prepared from embryonic structures obtained from one embryogenic line of Quercus robur L. maintained by regular transfer onto a solidified reference medium composed of the MS mineral solutions, glucose (0.12 M), casamino acid (0.1%), and NAA (10.74 µM). The regeneration capacity from these explants were tested on the reference medium and on 2 alternative media in which the NAA (10.74 µM) was omitted or substituted for a combination of IBA (9.80 µM)/BAP (8.90 µM). Within 30 days, 4 types of responses were observed including direct and indirect secondary embryogenesis. In the direct pathway, somatic embryos arose from 3-4 epidermal cells following two different modes, depending on whether or not the formation of a meristematic mass preceded the initiation of the embryogenic process. In the indirect pathway the embryos were formed from clumps of mitotically active cells included in callus developed within the cortical tissues. Depending on their histological origin, the embryos exhibited differences in their structural organization which could influence their potential for further maturation and conversion into viable plantlets. Explants prepared from small translucent embryonic structures were more embryogenic and expressed the direct pathway of secondary embryogenesis at higher frequency than explants prepared from more advanced embryonic structures. On the culture medium without growth regulator, direct secondary embryogenesis was the exclusive response whereas on the culture medium with growth regulators added both direct and indirect secondary embryogenesis occurred. NAA favoured the direct secondary embryogenesis, while conversely, the IBA/BAP combination stimulated the indirect secondary embryogenesis. The results are discussed in reference to the PEDC concept (pre-embryogenic determined cells).

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“…La (Vasil et Hildebrandt, 1965), est souvent observee lors du processus d'emhryogenese somatique en milieu liquide (Fujimura et Komamine, 1980;Gamhorg et al, 1983 ;Martins et Sondhal, 1984) ou solide (Chen et Raghavan, 1985 ;El Maataoui et al, 1990). Mais les relations entre ces deux types cellulaires ne sont que rarement envisagees et precisees.…”

Section: Conclusion Et Discussionunclassified

Modalités d'initiation des cellules à l'origine des embryons somatiques

Michaux-Ferrière

Schwendiman

1993

Acta Botanica Gallica

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Histology of Callogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis Induced in Stem Fragments of Cork Oak (Quercus suber) Cultured In Vitro

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Histology of Organogenic and Embryogenic Responses in Cotyledons of Somatic Embryos of Quercus suber L.

Histology of Organogenic and Embryogenic Responses in Cotyledons of Somatic Embryos of Quercus suber L.

Histological investigation of the multiplication step in secondary somatic embryogenesis of Quercus robur L.

Modalités d'initiation des cellules à l'origine des embryons somatiques

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