Histology of Somatic Embryogenesis

Michaux-Ferrière, Nicole; Schwendiman, Jacques

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76998-6_24

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Therefore, a short in vitro cultivation time is imperative for accomplishing regeneration of plantlets. Michaux-Ferriere and Schwendiman (1992) pointed out that the direct SE process has a lower probability of SV occurrence when compared to the indirect system, which could be explained by the shorter culture time required in the first process to obtain somatic embryos. In addition, Dublin (1981) reported that a direct SE approach for clonal propagation of Coffea is the most adequate to ensure a high level of genotypic stability.…”

Section: Fcm and Cytogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the time required for obtaining embryos in the direct embryogenesis system is shorter, which reduces the somaclonal variation (SV) in the regenerated plants (Michaux-Ferriere andSchwendiman 1992, Rezende et al 2008). In this sense, Dublin (1981) mentioned that the micropropagation of Coffea trees through direct SE is adequate to preserve the stability of the donator genotype.…”

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Regeneration of Allotriploid <i>Coffea</i> Plants from Tissue Culture: Resolving the Propagation Problems Promoted by Irregular Meiosis

2016

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Summary Híbrido de Timor (HT) is a natural interspecific hybrid of Coffea arabica L. with Coffea canephoraPierre ex Froehner that has played a substantial role in breeding programs as source of resistance genes. The original HT plant is represented by the anorthoploid accession CIFC 4106 , an allotriploid plant with 3x=33 chromosomes and 2C=2.10 pg. From this HT plant, other accessions have been obtained and used in crossings with C. arabica to provide resistant plants to the main pathogens. However, each HT accession and their derivates show a particular karyotype due to irregular anaphasic disjunction, which results in a few reproductive cells with an unbalanced number of chromosomes. Regarding this fact and the crop relevance of HT, this study aimed to develop a direct somatic embryogenesis system for the clonal propagation of this germplasm, using the first HT plant as explant donor. To accomplish this purpose, disinfested leaf explants of greenhouse-cultivated HT CIFC 4106 plants were inoculated in medium supplied with 0.001 g L 1 6-benzylaminopurine. Somatic embryogenesis process was asynchronous, with distinct developmental stages occurring simultaneously. Besides, emergence of secondary embryos from primary ones was observed. Mature embryos were germinated, and well-rooted embryos were selected for plantlet regeneration. The nuclear DNA content and the karyotype showed that allotriploidy was conserved in all regenerated plantlets. Considering these results, the direct somatic embryogenesis protocol adopted in the present work was imperative for the accurate clonal propagation of HT, being relevant for multiplication and conservation of elite accessions that show an irregular meiosis.

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Section: Fcm and Cytogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Regeneration of Allotriploid <i>Coffea</i> Plants from Tissue Culture: Resolving the Propagation Problems Promoted by Irregular Meiosis

2016

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High frequency somatic embryogenesis from coffee leaves

Boxtel

Berthouly

1996

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

104

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An improved procedure for the induction, proliferation and regeneration of embryogenic callus from coffee leaf explants has been developed. The optimal culture conditions for callus induction and somatic embryogenesis yielded so-called "high frequency" embryogenic callus of Coffea canephora P. ex Fr., Arabusta and Congusta, more rapidly and abundantly than other published procedures. Coffea arabica L. genotypes, however, were less responsive to the procedure. The highest multiplication rate of embryogenic callus in liquid culture, which avoided the differentiation of embryos, was obtained by culture at an inoculum density of 10 g callus 1-1 in a modified MS medium containing 4.5 #M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, under 3 #mol m -2 s-1 illumination, and subcultured every 7-10 days. The best long-term maintenance of embryogenic potential was obtained by culture of aggregates (250-1000 #m in diameter) at an inoculum density of 5 g 1-1, with medium renewed every 3-4 weeks. Under these conditions, embryogenic potential of C. canephora callus was maintained for over 2 years. Analysis of nutrients absorbed by the callus cultures demonstrated that half strength MS macro-and micro-salts were not depleted during at least 3 weeks of sustained culture. The highest regeneration of embryogenic callus required the omission of 2,4-D and a reduced culture density of 1 g 1-1. Under these conditions of culture, 1 g of C. canephora or Arabusta callus produced 1.2 and 0.9 × 105 somatic embryos, respectively, after 8-10 weeks in liquid regeneration medium. This was an overall reduction of 4--6 months from explant to regenerant, when compared with other procedures.

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Histology of somatic embryogenesis from floral tissues cocoa

Alemanno

Berthouly

Michaux-Ferrière

1996

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Somatic embryogenesis from Theobroma cacao L. flower buds, as previously reported on five Forastero hybrid genotypes, was tested on several other genotypes, belonging to the three cocoa-tree groups: Forastero, Trinitario and Criollo. The results gave evidence of genotypic efficiencies. Explants were cultivated under two successive conditions: callogenesis and expression media. The morphological and histological responses were different for embryogenic or non-embryogenic genotypes. For embryogenic genotypes, only staminodes and stamen filaments were able to produce somatic embryos: after a few days on the expression medium, groups of callus cells went through the meristematic and then embryonic stages, and finally formed somatic embryos. Many of them showed abnormalities. Simultaneously, some embryogenic cells were visible. These started to divide to form pro-embryos which however were unable to evolve into proper somatic embryos.

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Histology of Somatic Embryogenesis

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Regeneration of Allotriploid <i>Coffea</i> Plants from Tissue Culture: Resolving the Propagation Problems Promoted by Irregular Meiosis

Regeneration of Allotriploid <i>Coffea</i> Plants from Tissue Culture: Resolving the Propagation Problems Promoted by Irregular Meiosis

High frequency somatic embryogenesis from coffee leaves

Histology of somatic embryogenesis from floral tissues cocoa

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