Histology of the optic nerve head with special reference to the layer-specific distribution of composite fibers at and near the lamina cribrosa: An immunohistochemical study using specimens from elderly donated cadavers

Cho, Kwang Ho; Sato, Noriyuki; Yamamoto, Masahito; Watanabe, Genji; Taniguchi, Shuichiro; Murakami, Gen; Abe, Shinichi

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2023.152051

Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2023.152051

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Histology of the optic nerve head with special reference to the layer-specific distribution of composite fibers at and near the lamina cribrosa: An immunohistochemical study using specimens from elderly donated cadavers

Kwang Ho Cho

Noriyuki Sato

Masahito Yamamoto

et al.

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2023

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Topohistology of the cranial nerves IX–XII at the cranial base and upper parapharyngeal space: A histological study using human fetuses

Cho,

Honkura,

Kim

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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The topographical relationships among the lower cranial nerves, internal carotid artery (ICA), and internal jugular vein (IJV) in the upper parapharyngeal neurovascular bundle remain obscure. Thus, details of the anatomy were examined in human fetus histology. We observed the horizontal histological sections from 20 midterm (9–18 weeks) and 12 near‐term (28–40 weeks) fetuses. At the external skull base, the glossopharyngeal nerve crosses the anterior aspect of the IJV to reach the medially located Hyrtl's fissure in the petrous temporal bone. The nerve crossed the anterior aspect of the ICA medially near or below the first cervical nerve root. Below the hypoglossal nerve canal, the accessory nerve crosses the anterior or posterior aspects of the IJV and moves laterally. During the half‐spiral course, the hypoglossal nerve was tightly attached to the posterolateral–anterior aspects of the vagus nerve and surrounded by a common nerve sheath. The glossopharyngeal ganglia sometimes extended inferiorly to the level of the hypoglossal nerve canal but were absent along the inferior course. The inferior vagal ganglion rarely extends above the occipital condyle. The superior cervical sympathetic ganglion occasionally extends above the first cervical nerve root. The IJV (or ICA) descends to the lateral (or medial) margins of the parapharyngeal neurovascular bundle. The glossopharyngeal (or accessory) nerve crosses the ICA (or IJV) to exit the bundle at the base of the skull (or below the hypoglossal nerve canal). The glossopharyngeal and vagus inferior ganglia differ at each site.

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Topohistology of the cranial nerves IX–XII at the cranial base and upper parapharyngeal space: A histological study using human fetuses

Cho,

Honkura,

Kim

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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Histology of the optic nerve head with special reference to the layer-specific distribution of composite fibers at and near the lamina cribrosa: An immunohistochemical study using specimens from elderly donated cadavers

Cited by 1 publication

References 26 publications

Topohistology of the cranial nerves IX–XII at the cranial base and upper parapharyngeal space: A histological study using human fetuses

Topohistology of the cranial nerves IX–XII at the cranial base and upper parapharyngeal space: A histological study using human fetuses

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