Histomorphological evaluation of Non-Neoplastic Colonoscopic Biopsies in lower gastrointestinal diarrhoea: 2 years’ experience in a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Background: Evaluation of colorectal biopsy specimens in non-neoplastic lesions is to identify a pattern of injury that can render a specific diagnosis. It is significant in correlating clinically diagnosed cases and also imparts histological diagnosis in cases with normal colonoscopic appearance having altered bowel habit. The objective of this research is to study the various spectrum of histological findings of colonoscopic biopsies received in a tertiary care centre. Materials and methods: This were a prospective study which included the colonoscopic biopsies from 132 patients received in the department of Pathology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack from January 2020 to December 2021, over a period of 2 years. Results: There were 132 biopsies studied, of which 33.3% showed non-specific colitis, 23.5% Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), 15.2% polyps ,14.4% acute colitis, 5.3% microscopic colitis, 3% eosinophilic colitis, 1.5% granulomatous, 3 cases of Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome (SRUS) and a single case each of amoebic colitis and Melanosis Coli. Conclusion: Histomorphological examination in non-neoplastic colonoscopic biopsies is a diagnostic challenge and an essential arm of multidisciplinary approach to render specific diagnosis and to improve quality of management.