Histomorphological Study of Thymus in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Kadam, S.D.; Waghaye, J.Y.; Thakur, P.N.

doi:10.18805/ijar.b-4796

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…According to our studies, the lymphoid nodes of the spleen had no light centers, and the periarterial zone was around the central artery of the node. Those data are consistent with the reports of other scientists, who determined that the spleen is fixated by a connective-tissue capsule of uneven thickness and is composed of unevenly distributed collagen, reticular, and elastic fibers with a small amount of muscle cells; trabeculae of the connective tissue were poorly developed; the splenic parenchyma was composed for indistinctly designated white pulp and red pulp in the network of reticular cells and reticular fibers (Kadam et al, 2019). In the white pulp, we also designated periarterial lymphatic tissue and ellipsoids (Ojedapo & Amao, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Influence of protein-vitamin mineral supplements on the splenic morphometric parameters of quails

Dunaievska,

Horalskyi,

Sokulskiy

et al. 2023

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Currently, a growing industrial poultry sphere in many countries is quail farming. Quails have a complex of unique economic-productive advantages, as compared with other poultry, – high body temperature, intensive metabolism, small size, fast maturation, and high egg productivity. In the study, we examined the specifics of microscopic structure of morphometry of the spleen of the control and experimental birds as characteristics sensitive to the action of supplements. The proposed methods are intended for studying effects of protein-vitamin mineral supplements on poultry farming. Therefore, for 21 days, with the main diet, the quails were given mineral supplements produced by the Multilife trade mark (crude protein, amino acids (lysine, threonine, methionine, cysteine), calcium, available phosphorus, sodium, chlorine, vitamins (A, D3, E)), by the Missi trademark (protein, vitamins, minerals), and by the Standard Agro trademark (soybean press cake, vitamins А, D3, Е, В1, В2, В6, В12), multi-enzyme complex, salt, ground limestone, phosphate monocalcium, amino acids (lysine, threonine, methionine with cysteine). This is the first study of the ultrastructural organization of the spleen of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) fed with protein-vitamin mineral supplements. The tested supplements were beneficial for the productivity of the quails, as evidenced by increase in the body and spleen weight. Body weight of the quails increased by 5.8% in the group that was fed additionally with the Multilife supplement, and by 12.5% in the group that consumed the Missi supplement added to the fodder, and by 8.1% in the group that consumed the Standard Agro supplement with the diet. At the same time, the spleen weight increased by 7.2%, 16.0%, and 10.5%, respectively. However, the relative weight (0.1%) underwent no changes, which characterizes this parameter as permanent for age and species of animals. Analysis of the data of our morphological studies revealed that the splenic microscopic structure of the quails was characterized by presence of support-contractile apparatus (capsule and trabeculae) with the relative area of 4.6 ± 0.8% and single radial trabecula. The parenchyma was formed by white and red pulps without distinct boundaries. In the white pulp, there were designated lymphoid nodes with no light centers, and also periarterial lymphoid sheaths and ellipsoids. In the reticular stroma of the white pulp of the spleen, we found blood cells of various maturity, in particular, lymphocytes, which were clearly divided into large, average, and small; mononuclear and multinuclear macrophages, which contained hemosiderin and melanin, leukocytes, mostly eosinophilous. The ultrastructural organization of the spleen of the quails had the following peculiarities: nuclei of leukocytes contained large nuclei, endotheliocytes of the central artery of lymphoid follicle performed phagocyte function by accumulating autophagosomes in its cytoplasm. In the quails that had consumed the diet containing supplements, the macroscopic, microscopic, and ultramicroscopic structures underwent no changes. At the same time, there was seen a tendency towards increase in the relative area of white pulp and the support-contractile apparatus. The relative area of white pulp of the spleen increased by 0.5% in the group of quails that had received the diet with the Multilife supplement, by 1% in the group that had consumed the diet with the Missi supplement, and by 0.6% in the group that had consumed the diet with the Standard Agro supplement. The relative area of the red pulp in the spleen of the quails was observed to have the tendency towards decrease: by 0.4% in the group that received the Multilife supplement, by 1% in the group that consumed the Missi supplement, and by 0.5% in the group that consumed the Standard Agro supplement. The relative area of the support-contractile apparatus of the spleen increased by 0.4% in the group of quails that consumed the Multilife supplement, by 1% in the group that consumed the Missi supplement, and 0.5% in the group that consumed the Standard Agro supplement. Taking into account the data we obtained, we may conclude that our studies confirm the benefits of using modern protein-vitamin supplements in poultry farming for stimulation of growth and development. Especially valuable is the absence of negative effect on the morphofunctional parameters of the spleen, which we used as biomarkers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Influence of protein-vitamin mineral supplements on the splenic morphometric parameters of quails

Dunaievska,

Horalskyi,

Sokulskiy

et al. 2023

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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“…The present study showed no distinct separation between white and red pulps in cattle egret spleen. This finding is in line with those of Nasu et al (1992) in dove, Kadam et al (2019) in quail and Abdellatif (2021b) in moorhen. However, our finding is different from those of Zidan et al (2000) in camel spleen where an expanded marginal zone distinguished the white pulp from the red pulp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…(1992) in dove, Kadam et al. (2019) in quail and Abdellatif (2021b) in moorhen. However, our finding is different from those of Zidan et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Insights into microstructure and expression of markers of proliferation, apoptosis and T cells in the spleen of cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis)

Abdellatif,

Basha

2024

Anat Histol Embryol

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The spleen is the largest secondary lymphoid organ with significant roles in pathogen clearance. It is involved in several avian diseases. The cattle egret is a wild insectivorous bird of agricultural and socioeconomic importance. Data related to microstructural features of cattle egret spleen are lacking. The present study investigated the gross anatomical, histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the cattle egret spleen. Proliferation (PCNA and PHH3), apoptosis (cleaved caspase 3, C.CASP3) and T‐cell (CD3 and CD8) markers were assessed. Grossly, the spleen appeared brownish red, oval‐shaped and located at the oesophago‐proventricular junction. Histologically, the spleen was surrounded by a thin capsule sending a number of trabeculae which contained branches of the splenic vessels. The white pulp consisted of the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath and periellipsoidal lymphatic sheath (PELS). The red pulp was formed of sinusoids and cords. The penicillar capillaries, which represent the terminal segments of the splenic arterial tree were highly branched, wrapped by prominent ellipsoids and directly connected to the splenic sinusoids, suggesting a closed type of circulation. Immunohistochemically, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)‐expressing cells were distributed with high counts throughout the splenic parenchyma, being highest within the splenic cords and PELS. Both PHH3‐ and C.CASP3‐expressing cells revealed a similar pattern to that of PCNA, although with fewer counts. Large numbers of T cells were observed throughout the splenic parenchyma, mainly within the cords, as revealed by CD3 and CD8 immunoreaction. The present study provides a clear insight into the precise structure of the spleen in cattle egrets and thus improves our understanding about birds' immunity.

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“…Згідно з нашими дослідженнями, у лімфоїдних вузликах селезінки світлий центр відсутній, навколо центральної артерії вузлика знаходилась периартеріальна зона. Такі дані не заперечують результати досліджень інших науковців, які встановили, що селезінка була закріплена сполучнотканинною капсулою нерівномірної товщини і складалася з нерівномірно розподілених колагенових, ретикулярних та еластичних волокон з малою кількістю м'язових клітин; трабекули сполучної тканини були погано розвинені; спленічна паренхіма складалася з невиразно розмежованої білої м'якоті та червоної пульпи в мережі ретикулярних клітин і ретикулярних волокон (Kadam et al, 2019). В білій пульпі також виявляли периартеріальну лімфатичну тканину та еліпсоїди (Ojedapo & Amao, 2014).…”

Section: результати та їх обговоренняunclassified

Peculiarities of morphological indicators of quail spleen (Coturnix japonica Temminck et Schlegel, 1849) when using protein-vitamin mineral supplements

Dunaievska,

Sokulskiy,

Horalskyi

et al. 2024

SMLNUVMB

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In most countries of the world, poultry farming is one of the main branches of agriculture, which provides the population with high-quality food products. To date, the positive dynamics of the growth of such a branch of industrial poultry farming as quail breeding has been noted. Quails have a complex of excellent economic and productive advantages compared to other agricultural birds – high body temperature, intensive metabolism in the body, small size, precocity, high egg productivity. The question of increasing the productivity of quail breeding, as a branch of precocious animal husbandry, has always occupied the attention of biologists, morphologists, physiologists, geneticists and technologists. This topical problem has various scientific aspects: morphological, histochemical, physiological, genetic, etc. Special attention in the conducted research is required to study the impact of additives on the body of quails, the absence of negative effects and the production of safe products for humans. We chose the spleen as a biomarker, because the spleen is an important peripheral organ of immune protection, sensitive to the action of various factors, whose morphofunctional indicators determine the magnitude and nature of the impact. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of modern protein-vitamin mineral supplements, which are advertised and offered by producers in the poultry industry to stimulate the growth and development of the bird, on the quail body. In the studies, the features of the microscopic structure and morphometry of the spleen of control and experimental animals were used as sensitive characteristics of the action of additives. The proposed methods are aimed at researching the impact of protein-vitamin mineral supplements on the relevant industry. So, for 21 days, mineral supplements “Multilife”, “Missy” and “Standard Agro” were added to the main ration of quails. Using macrometric methods, the body weight of quails, the weight of the spleen (absolute and relative) were determined. For histological studies, pieces of the spleen were fixed in a 10 % formalin solution, and after embedding in paraffin, histological sections were prepared from it, which after deparaffinization were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, according to the methods of Brachet and Van Gieson. For electron microscopic examination, the spleen was immediately fixed with a 2.5 % solution of glutaraldehyde in a phosphate buffer with additional fixation in a 1 % solution of osmium tetroxide according to Caulfield. For the first time, the ultrastructural organization of the spleen of Japanese quail was investigated after feeding protein-vitamin mineral supplements, which may indicate the absence of their negative impact on the structural and functional state of the spleen. Important morphological structural indicators of the morphofunctional state of the spleen were determined: the relative area of the white pulp, red pulp, lymphoid nodules, periarterial lymphoid sheaths, and the contractile apparatus. According to the analysis of the morphological results obtained by us, it was investigated that the microscopic structure of the quail spleen is characterized by the presence of a support-contractile apparatus with a relative area of 4.58 ± 0.76 % and single radial trabeculae. The parenchyma is formed by white and red pulp without clear boundaries. Lymphoid nodules without bright centers, periarterial lymphoid sheaths, and ellipsoids were identified as part of the white pulp. The ultrastructural organization of the spleen of quails had peculiarities: the nuclei of leukocytes contain large nucleoli, the endotheliocytes of the central artery of the lymphoid follicle perform a phagocytic function by accumulating autophagosomes in their cytoplasm. The macroscopic, microscopic and ultramicroscopic structure of quails that were added to the main diet with the listed additives did not undergo any changes. As a result, the following supplements led to an increase in the body weight of quails: by 5.78 % when using the Multilife supplement, by 12.51 % when using the Missy supplement, and by 8.12 % when using the Standard Agro supplement, and the weight of the spleen on 7.17 %, 16.04 % and 10.54 %, respectively. The conducted studies showed that the relative weight of the organ practically did not change. At the same time, there is a trend towards an increase in the relative area of the white pulp and the supporting-contractile apparatus. Taking into account the obtained data, it can be concluded that our research confirms the feasibility of using modern protein-vitamin mineral supplements in poultry farming to stimulate the growth and development of poultry. Especially valuable is the absence of a negative effect on the morphofunctional indicators of the spleen, which was used as a biomarker in research.

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Histomorphological Study of Thymus in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Influence of protein-vitamin mineral supplements on the splenic morphometric parameters of quails

Influence of protein-vitamin mineral supplements on the splenic morphometric parameters of quails

Insights into microstructure and expression of markers of proliferation, apoptosis and T cells in the spleen of cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis)

Peculiarities of morphological indicators of quail spleen (Coturnix japonica Temminck et Schlegel, 1849) when using protein-vitamin mineral supplements

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