Histomorphometry of iliac crest bone in 346 normal black and white South African adults

Schnitzler, Christine M.; Pettifor, John M.; Mesquita, Julia M.; Bird, Matthew D.; Schnaid, E.; Smyth, Amelia E.

doi:10.1016/0169-6009(90)90261-d

Cited by 92 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These previous studies have reported either no difference in bone turnover [11,28], which would be in accord with the bone marker data in this study, or lower bone turnover in blacks [29]. In contrast, other work in black and white South Africans report higher bone turnover in blacks [30,31]. The reason for these discrepancies between different studies is not understood but may in part be due to the different origins of the black populations examined.…”

Section: Ethnicity and Bone Turnoversupporting

confidence: 69%

Ethnic and Gender Differences in Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover in Young Adults: Effect of Bone Size

Henry

Eastell

2000

Osteoporosis International

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Generally, the incidence of osteoporotic fracture is lower in black populations and in men. These effects of ethnicity and gender may result from differences in peak bone mineral density (PBMD) and bone turnover (BT), which in turn are affected by bone size. Therefore, the aims of this study were to examine the effects of ethnicity and gender on bone mineral density (BMD) and BT in young African-Caribbean and Caucasian adults, and to adjust for the effect of bone size on BMD and BT. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine, L2-L4 (LS), total body (TB) and femoral neck (FN) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 44 blacks (16 men, 28 women) and 59 whites (28 men, 31 women) ages 20-37 years. We measured serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and serum osteocalcin (OC) as markers of bone formation and urinary immunoreactive free deoxypyridinoline (ifDpd) and crosslinked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) as markers of bone resorption. To adjust the data for any differences in bone size, we calculated: (a) bone mineral apparent density (BMAD), an estimated volumetric bone density which attempts to normalize BMD measurements for bone size; and (b) bone resorption markers as a ratio to total body bone mineral content (TB BMC). Two-way analysis of variance was used to compare the effects of race and gender, and to test for any interaction between these two factors. Blacks had higher BMD compared with whites at the TB (p<0.001), LS (p = 0.0001) and FN (p = 0.0005). This increase remained significant at the LS only after calculating BMAD. Men had higher BMD at all sites (except at the LS). This increase was no longer significant at the FN after calculating BMAD, and LS BMAD was actually greater in women (p<0.0001). Blacks and whites had similar concentrations of turnover markers, but men had higher bone turnover markers than women (BAP, p<0.0001; OC, p = 0.002; ifDpd, p = 0.03; NTx, p < 0.0001). This increase in bone resorption markers was no longer significant after adjusting for TB BMC (except for NTx in whites). We conclude that the skeletal advantage in blacks during young adulthood is not explained by bone size. However, it seems probable that bone size effects partially explain gender differences in BMD and bone turnover.

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Section: Ethnicity and Bone Turnoversupporting

confidence: 69%

Ethnic and Gender Differences in Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover in Young Adults: Effect of Bone Size

Henry

Eastell

2000

Osteoporosis International

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“…It has been shown that bone density varies among population groups, with African populations most often exhibiting a higher bone density and thus having less risk of stress microfractures, and osteoporosis, than Europeans [7,19,20,35,[38][39][40][41][42][43]. This probably explains why African males and females demonstrated the least amount of statistically significant age related changes in their long bone dimensions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A cross-sectional analysis of age related changes in the osteometric dimensions of long bones in modern South Africans of European and African descent

Vance

Steyn

L'Abbé

et al. 2010

Forensic Science International

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“…In addition, high variability was observed in the dynamic parameters among these healthy individuals. Studies comparing Afro-and White-Americans have also been published; demonstrating some racial differences (18)(19). In general, Afro-Americans display lower bone formation rate and mineralizing surface than WhiteAmericans.…”

Section: Normal Values For Bone Histomorphometrymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…There are few studies evaluating bone histomorphometry in normal healthy subjects, in different populations (16)(17)(18)(19)(20) because of the obvious practical difficulties in obtaining material. Recker and cols.…”

Section: Normal Values For Bone Histomorphometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone histomorphometry: a concise review for endocrinologists and clinicians

Kulak

Dempster

2010

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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SummaryBone histomorphometry is a quantitative histological examination of an undecalcified bone biopsy performed to obtain quantitative information on bone remodeling and structure. Labeling agents taken before the procedure deposit at sites of bone formation allowing a dynamic analysis. Biopsy is indicated to make the diagnosis of subclinical osteomalacia, to characterize the different forms of renal osteodystrophy and to elucidate cases of unexplained skeletal fragility. Bone histomorphometric parameters are divided into structural and remodeling subgroups, with the latter being subdivided into static and dynamic categories. Metabolic bone disorders such as osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis and renal osteodystrophy display different histomorphometric profiles. Antiresorptive and anabolic drugs used for the treatment of osteoporosis also induce characteristic changes in the bone biopsy. Bone histomorphometry is an important research tool in the field of bone metabolism and provides information that is not available by any other investigative approach. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(2):87-98 Keywords Bone histomorphometry; metabolic bone diseases; bone biopsy; bone structure; osteoporosis drugs Sumário Histomorfometria óssea é uma avaliação histológica quantitativa de uma biópsia óssea calcificada realizada para obter informação sobre a remodelação e a estrutura óssea. Uma análise dinâmica é possível quando substâncias que fazem a marcação do osso são tomadas antes do procedimento e se depositam no local de formação óssea. A biópsia é indicada para diagnós-tico de osteomalácia, diferentes formas de osteodistrofia renal e nos casos não explicados de fragilidade esquelética. O preparo e a análise das amostras necessitam de um laboratório especializado. A histomorfometria avalia parâmetros estruturais e de remodelação óssea, sendo o último subdividido em estático e dinâmico. Doenças osteometabólicas como osteomalácia, hiperparatireoidismo, hipoparatireoidismo, osteoporose e osteodistrofia renal apresentam parâmetros histomorfométricos distintos. Medicações antirreabsortivas e anabólicas usadas no tratamento da osteoporose também induzem alterações características na biópsia óssea. A histomorfometria óssea é uma ferramenta importante no metabolismo ósseo e oferece informação que não é possível por nenhum outro método diagnóstico. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(2):87-98

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Histomorphometry of iliac crest bone in 346 normal black and white South African adults

Cited by 92 publications

References 44 publications

Ethnic and Gender Differences in Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover in Young Adults: Effect of Bone Size

Ethnic and Gender Differences in Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover in Young Adults: Effect of Bone Size

A cross-sectional analysis of age related changes in the osteometric dimensions of long bones in modern South Africans of European and African descent

Bone histomorphometry: a concise review for endocrinologists and clinicians

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