Histone H1: An Antimicrobial Protein of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Rc, Richards; Db, O'Neil; Thibault, Pierre; Kv, Ewart

doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5020

Cited by 158 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This concurs with recent evidence suggesting that histones possess antimicrobial activities 44 and endotoxin binding capabilities. PAFAH (AmeR218), a platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, plays a role in hydrolysing a plateletactivating factor (PAF), 46 which mediates inflammatory activity.…”

Section: à3supporting

confidence: 93%

Spatial and temporal coordination of expression of immune response genes during Pseudomonas infection of horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda

et al. 2005

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Knowledge on how genes are turned on/off during infection and immunity is lacking. Here, we report the coregulation of diverse clusters of functionally related immune response genes in a horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. Expressed sequence tag (EST) clusters for frontline immune defense, cell signalling, apoptosis and stress response genes were expressed or repressed spatio-temporally during the acute phase of Pseudomonas infection. An infection time course monitored by virtual Northern evaluation indicates upregulation of genes in blood cells (amebocytes) at 3-h postinfection, whereas most of the hepatopancreas genes remained downregulated over 72 h of infection. Thus, the two tissues orchestrate a coordinated and timely response to infection. The hepatopancreas probably immunomodulates the expression of other genes and serves as a reservoir for later response, if/when chronic infection ensues. On the other hand, being the first to encounter pathogens, we reasoned that amebocytes would respond acutely to infection. Besides acute transactivation of the immune genes, the amebocytes maintained morphological integrity, indicating their ability to synthesise and store/secrete the immune proteins and effectors to sustain the frontline innate immune defense, while simultaneously elicit complement-mediated phagocytosis of the invading pathogen. Our results show that the immune response against Pseudomonas infection is spatially and temporally coordinated.

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Section: à3supporting

confidence: 93%

Spatial and temporal coordination of expression of immune response genes during Pseudomonas infection of horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda

et al. 2005

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“…In contrast, the arginine-rich H3 and H4 mediate their antimicrobial activity through destruction of the cell membrane [39]. The lysine-rich histone H1 also disrupts the bacterial membrane, as shown in salmon [23]. The antimicrobial activity of some histones seems to depend in part on cleavage by the bacterial protease OmpT [39].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action In E Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Histones as Mediators of Host Defense, Inflammation and Thrombosis

et al. 2016

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Histones are known for their ability to bind to and regulate expression of DNA. However, histones are also present in cytoplasm and extracellular fluids where they serve host defense functions and promote inflammatory responses. Histones are a major component of neutrophil extracellular traps that contribute to bacterial killing but also to inflammatory injury. Histones can act as antimicrobial peptides and directly kill bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses, in vitro and in a variety of animal hosts. In addition, histones can trigger inflammatory responses in some cases acting through Toll-like receptors or inflammasome pathways. Extracellular histones mediate organ injury (lung, liver), sepsis physiology, thrombocytopenia and thrombin generation and some proteins can bind histones and reduce these potentially harmful effects.

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“…The antimicrobial effect of histones has been known for decades [207,208], but only after some years they were linked to the innate immune system of fishes and characterized in different fish species [153,161,[209][210][211][212][213]. Since then, important functions of histones have been described.…”

Section: 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Immunological Defenses in Fish Skin

2012

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The vertebrate immune system is comprised of numerous distinct and interdependent components. Every component has its own inherent protective value, and the final combination of them is likely to be related to an animal's immunological history and evolutionary development. Vertebrate immune system consists of both systemic and mucosal immune compartments, but it is the mucosal immune system which protects the body from the first encounter of pathogens. According to anatomical location, the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, in teleost fish is subdivided into gut-, skin-, and gill-associated lymphoid tissue and most available studies focus on gut. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the current knowledge of the immunological defences present in skin mucosa as a very important part of the fish immune system, serving as an anatomical and physiological barrier against external hazards. Interest in defence mechanism of fish arises from a need to develop health management tools to support a growing finfish aquaculture industry, while at the same time addressing questions concerning origins and evolution of immunity in vertebrates. Increased knowledge of fish mucosal immune system will facilitate the development of novel vaccination strategies in fish.

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Histone H1: An Antimicrobial Protein of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Cited by 158 publications

References 28 publications

Spatial and temporal coordination of expression of immune response genes during Pseudomonas infection of horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda

Spatial and temporal coordination of expression of immune response genes during Pseudomonas infection of horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda

Histones as Mediators of Host Defense, Inflammation and Thrombosis

An Overview of the Immunological Defenses in Fish Skin

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