Histopathologic study of human vocal fold mucosa unphonated over a decade

Sato, Kiminori; Umeno, Hirohito; Ono, Takeharu; Nakashima, Tadashi

doi:10.3109/00016489.2011.615067

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the previous experimental study in rabbits, the lamina propria of the vocal fold also displayed a pronounced HA staining in the loose connective tissue of the subepithelium. 11 This is in contrast to a recent article 19 which states that there is no HA in the lamina propria of "unphonated" human vocal folds.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Hyaluronan in Human Vocal Folds in Smokers and Nonsmokers—A Histochemical Study

et al. 2016

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Summary Objectives/hypothesisTo study the hyaluronan occurrence in human vocal folds, with special regards to gender and smoking and to discuss the implications of findings. Study DesignThis is a descriptive/morphologic study. MethodsSixteen cadaveric vocal folds from eight individuals between 58 and 90 years old (six women and two men) were removed and studied morphologically. Three of the individuals had been cigarette smokers.A direct method for hyaluronan histochemistry using a hyaluronan-binding protein probe (HABP) was used to visualize the polysaccharide. Five examiners performed an analysis of the intensities of hyaluronan staining, independently. ResultsWe observed intense hyaluronan staining of the vocal folds of which those from women stained considerably stronger than those from men. Stratified squamous epithelium stained for hyaluronan in all sections, whereas respiratory epithelium only stained weakly or not at all. The highest accumulation of hyaluronan occurred subepithelially in the lamina propria, corresponding to Reinke's space. It was observed that vocal folds from smokers were more intensively stained than those from nonsmokers. 2 ConclusionsHyaluronan is found in all layers of the human vocal fold. Contradictory to earlier studies, hyaluronan was visualized in squamous epithelium, where it may function as an impact protector. The occurrence of hyaluronan in smokers may have implications in the development of vocal fold inflammation and tumor initiation as hyaluronan is an important molecule in these processes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Hyaluronan in Human Vocal Folds in Smokers and Nonsmokers—A Histochemical Study

et al. 2016

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“…In particular, older adults had lower minimum, maximum and mean f0 and amplitude SD values compared with younger adults for sustained vowels, but similar f0 and amplitude SD values compared with younger adults for connected speech. Because speech fundamental frequency is due to the physiological characteristics of the vocal folds and control of the larynx musculature (Honjo and Isshiki 1980;Bloch and Behrman 2001;Baken 2005;Sato et al 2011), the absence of change observed in mean and range speech fundamental frequency here suggests that the state of the tissue and general motor control did not deteriorate with age (at least in the age range studied), or did not deteriorate enough to have a functional impact. These results indicate that, while sustained vowel production was affected negatively by age, connected speech was less vulnerable to age.…”

Section: Connected Speechmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In particular, physiological changes occur in the larynx (Honjo and Isshiki 1980;Bloch and Behrman 2001;Ximenes Filho et al 2003;Kersing and Jennekens 2004;Pontes et al 2005Pontes et al , 2006Sato et al 2010Sato et al , 2011, the vocal tract (Pontes et al 2006), and the respiratory system (Linville 1996;Teles-Magalhães et al 2000;Ramig et al 2001;Sauder et al 2010). These changes include calcification and ossification of cartilages, muscles and vocal fold atrophy, vocal fold bowing (i.e., inward curve) and reduced mucosal wave, and reduced pulmonary lung pressures, volumes, elasticity, and recoil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of age on the amplitude, frequency and perceived quality of voice

Lortie

Thibeault

Guitton

et al. 2015

AGE

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The manner and extent to which voice amplitude and frequency control mechanisms change with age is not well understood. The related question of whether the assessment of one's own voice evolves with age, concomitant with the acoustical changes that the voice undergoes, also remains unanswered. In the present study, we characterized the aging of voice production mechanisms (amplitude, frequency), compared the aging voice in different experimental contexts (vowel utterance, connected speech) and examined the relationship between voice self-assessment and age-related voice acoustical changes. Eighty healthy adults (20 to 75 years old) participated in the study, which involved computation of several acoustical measures of voice (including measures of fundamental frequency, voice amplitude, and stability) as well as self-assessments of voice. Because depression is frequent in older adults, depression and anxiety scores were also measured. As was expected, analyses revealed age effects on most acoustical measures. However, there was no interaction between age and the ability to produce high/low voice amplitude/frequency, suggesting that voice amplitude and frequency control mechanisms are preserved in aging. Multiple mediation analyses demonstrated that the relationship between age and voice self-assessment was moderated by depression and anxiety scores. Taken together, these results reveal that while voice production undergoes important changes throughout aging, the ability to increase/decrease the amplitude and frequency of voice are preserved, at least within the age range studied, and that depression and anxiety scores have a stronger impact on perceived voice quality than acoustical changes themselves.

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“…Likewise, a human adult who never phonated past 64 years of age due to a cerebral hemorrhage, lost the ligament architecture. The vocal fold morphology returned to its infant-like state, with a uniform rather than a layered structure (Sato, Umeno, Ono, & Nakashima, 2011). From these studies it is reasoned that evolution has provided the cell structure (stellate cells at the endpoints of the vocal folds) for multiple layer development, but tissue stress from vocalization is needed to build the structure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Speech: A Restricted Use of the Mammalian Larynx

Titze

2017

Journal of Voice

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Purpose Speech has been hailed as unique to human evolution. While the inventory of distinct sounds producible with vocal tract articulators is a great advantage in human oral communication, it is argued here that the larynx as a sound source in speech is limited in its range and capability because a low fundamental frequency is ideal for phonemic intelligibility and source-filter independence. Method Four existing data sets were combined to make an argument regarding exclusive use of the larynx for speech: (1) range of fundamental frequency, (2) laryngeal muscle activation, (3) vocal fold length in relation to sarcomere length of the major laryngeal muscles, and (4) vocal fold morphological development. Results Limited data support the notion that speech tends to produce a contracture of the larynx. The morphological design of the human vocal folds, like that of primates and other mammals, is optimized for vocal communication over distances for which higher fundamental frequency, higher intensity, and fewer unvoiced segments are utilized than in conversational speech. Conclusion The positive message is that raising one’s voice to call, shout, or sing, or executing pitch glides to stretch the vocal folds, can counteract this trend toward a contracted state.

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Histopathologic study of human vocal fold mucosa unphonated over a decade

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Hyaluronan in Human Vocal Folds in Smokers and Nonsmokers—A Histochemical Study

Hyaluronan in Human Vocal Folds in Smokers and Nonsmokers—A Histochemical Study

Effects of age on the amplitude, frequency and perceived quality of voice

Human Speech: A Restricted Use of the Mammalian Larynx

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