Histopathological analysis of skin adnexal tumors: A three year study of 110 cases at a tertiary care center

Abstract

Background:Skin adnexal tumors (SAT) encompass wide spectrum of benign and malignant tumors that differentiate toward one or more adnexal structures found in normal skin. Overall incidence of SATs is low yet they can be challenging to diagnose.Aims:The aim of this study is to study the spectrum and microscopic features of SATs.Materials and Methods:It was a retrospective cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted over a period of 3 years. Formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological analysis.Results:Out of the total 34,400 biopsies, 110 cases were diagnosed as SATs comprising 39.09% of tumors with follicular differentiation followed by tumors showing sweat gland differentiation (37.27%), and sebaceous differentiation (23.63%). The age ranged from 5 years to 85 years and male:female ratio was 1.03:1. Most of the tumors were benign (82.73%) while only 17.27% were malignant. Pilomatricoma (28.2%) was the most common benign tumor while sebaceous carcinoma (11.8%) was the most common malignant tumor.Conclusion:Architectural features are of great importance in differentiating benign tumors from malignant.

Spectrum of various skin nodule mimicking cutaneous adnexal tumour

“…The most common anatomical site found to be head and neck region (53%) which was 22 out of 41 cases. Similar findings were observed by other studies conducted by Prasad BVS et al , Arora A et al, Gandhi R et al and Kaur K et al study [4,12,3,8].…”

“…This vaculolated cells had high N:C ratio, nuclear pleomorphism and bizarre hyperchromatic nucleus ( Figure 5). The study done by Kaur K et al found sebaceous carcinoma was common malignant adnexal tumour (19.64%) and the common age group was more than 60 years of age [8]. The Sebaceous Carcinoma characterized by tumour cells which showed irregular epithelial lobules with an infiltrating growth pattern in the dermis.…”

Areclinicianssuccessful in diagnosingcutaneousadnexaltumors? aretrospective, clinicopathologicalstudy

“…On the other hand, number of sebaceous tumor cases reported in this study was also low, with only 2 cases [11]. In a study with a larger series of 110 patients, follicular tumors (39.09%) were found to be the most common, followed by sweat gland tumors (37.27%), and sebaceous tumors (23.63%), respectively [12]. In our study, sebaceous hyperplasia (35.4%) was the most common case, followed by pilomatrixoma (24.6%) as the second most common case, whereas the most common malignant tumor case was extramammary Paget's disease.…”

“…The female to male ratio in our study was 1.5. This rate was between 1.03 and 1.44 in most of the other studies, slightly in favor of male patients [6,7,10,12]. On the other hand, it has been reported in the Nair's study that CAT were seen 2.3 times more in female patients than in male patients [11].…”

“…In our study, sebaceous hyperplasia (35.4%) was the most common case, followed by pilomatrixoma (24.6%) as the second most common case, whereas the most common malignant tumor case was extramammary Paget's disease. In the literature, nodular hidradenoma, pilomatrixoma, trichoepithelioma or eccrine spiradenoma were the most commonly reported types of benign tumors, whereas the sweat gland carcinoma and sebaceous carcinoma were the most commonly reported types of malignant tumors [6,8,[12][13][14][15]. The most commonly reported benign and malignant cutaneous adnexal tumor diagnoses differ from one study to the other.…”