Histopathological and clinical Analysis of variants in cervical lesion at Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat

Abstract

in pathology department at SRTR Ambejogai. It includes specimens and reference material submitted to department of pathology in the form of biopsy specimens and hysterectomy specimens. Data was obtained from hospital records and specimens sent from various departments. All the lesions of cervix involving ectocervix and endocervix were included. Various lesions arising from the uterus, vulva, vagina and parametrium were excluded. Also the lesions arising from neighbouring organs extending to the cervical canal but not involving the cervical tissue were excluded. Every patient was evaluated by using a preformed proforma.Gross examination was done and features such as size, consistency, external appearance and appearance of cut surface were noted. The specimens were allowed to fix in 10% formalin for 24 -48 hours. The sections were dehydrated in alcohol, cleared in xylol and embedded in paraffin wax to prepare the paraffin blocks. ABSTRACTBackground: Aim of the study was to know various histopathological variants in cervical lesion, its incidence with respect to age in Bhuj city of Gujarat. Materials & Methods:A total of 618 cases of cervical lesions were analysed prospectively in a period of 2 years to assess various pattern of cervical lesion. Cases were studied in detail about history, clinical examination and other findings. Results:Of the total 618 cases, 516 (83.50%) were non neoplastic all of which were inflammatory and 102(16.5%) were neoplastic of which cervical malignancies, benign lesions and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) constituted 80(12.94%), 12(1.94%) and 10(1.62%) respectively. Amongst inflammatory lesions, the commonest lesion was chronic nonspecific cervicitis 428(82.95%) followed by papillary endocervicitis 88(17.05%). The associated changes of chronic nonspecific cervicitis were nabothian cyst (11.92%), squamous metaplasia (11.68%), and koilocytic change (22.43%). Inflammatory lesions were commonly found in the sexually active period of women i.e. 31-50 years with a peak incidence in the age group of 31-40 years. Cervical malignancies were common in the age group of 40-60 years and presented most commonly with bleeding per vagina. CIN was most common in the age group of 41-50 years with CINII as the predominant grade having white discharge as the most common symptom. Conclusion:Non-neoplastic were the commonest lesions of the cervix. Women in the older age group with bleeding per vagina should be suspected for cervical malignancy and should be examined for the same