Histopathological characteristics of cutaneous lesions caused by Leishmania Viannia panamensis in Panama

Abstract

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic disease in the Republic of Panama, caused by Leishmania (Viannia) parasites, whose most common clinical manifestation is the presence of ulcerated lesions on the skin. These lesions usually present a chronic inflammatory reaction, sometimes granulomatous, with the presence of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. This study describes the histopathological characteristics found in the skin lesions of patients with CL caused by Leishmania (V.) panamensis in Panama. We analyzed 49 skin biopsy samples from patients with clinical suspicion of CL, by molecular tests (PCR for subgenus Viannia and HSP-70) and by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Samples were characterized at the species level by PCR-HSP-70/RFLP. From the 49 samples studied, 46 (94%) were positive by PCR and were characterized as Leishmania (V.) panamensis. Of these, 48% were positive by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining with alterations being observed both, in the epidermis (85%) and in the dermis (100%) of skin biopsies. The inflammatory infiltrate was characterized according to histopathological patterns: lymphohistiocytic (50%), lymphoplasmacytic (61%) and granulomatous (46%) infiltration, being the combination of these patterns frequently found. The predominant histopathological characteristics observed in CL lesions caused by L. (V.) panamensis in Panama were: an intense inflammatory reaction in the dermis with a combination of lymphohistiocytic, lymphoplasmacytic and granulomatous presentation patterns and the presence of ulcers, acanthosis, exocytosis and spongiosis in the epidermis.

Estimation of Biological Parameters of Cutaneous Ulcers Caused by Leishmaniasis in an Animal Model Using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

“…The variable “keratynocites in epidermis” (Figure 8b) can follow the same analysis; lower values can be related with the presence of a more necrotic scab and so that to death cells. This behavior agrees with the transition from active phase to ulcerative one during the formation of a cutaneous ulcer caused by CL: the dermis passes from a proliferation of keratinocyte to keratinocyte cell death [29,51]. In respect to p -values, the results obtained for the variables “epidermis thickness” and “keratynocites in epidermis” in correlation groups 1 to 4 are statistically significantly different from those obtained in correlation groups 6 to 9.…”

Histopathological features of skin lesions in patients affected by non‐ulcerated or atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis in Honduras, Central America

“…These histopathological aspects also differ from cutaneous lesions caused by dermotropic species of the parasite in the New World, such as Leishmania (L.) amazonensis , Leishmania (V.) braziliensis, Leishmania (V.) guyanensis and Leishmania (V.) panamensis . These findings reinforce the role of the parasite in determining the clinical and immunohistopathological features of the infection .…”

“…Additionally, Couppié et al observed that cutaneous lesions caused by Leishmania (V.) guyanensis are characterized by a non‐granulomatous diffuse inflammatory infiltrate mainly composed of lymphocytes, histiocytes and plasma cells as well as numerous intrahistiocytic forms of Leishmania . Finally, lesions caused by Leishmania (V.) panamensis are characterized by an intense inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis with diffuse and lymphohistiocytic predominance, a lymphoplasmacytic and granulomatous presentation pattern with the presence of ulcers, acanthosis, exocytosis and spongiosis in the epidermis …”

“…38 Finally, lesions caused by Leishmania (V.) panamensis are characterized by an intense inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis with diffuse and lymphohistiocytic predominance, a lymphoplasmacytic and granulomatous presentation pattern with the presence of ulcers, acanthosis, exocytosis and spongiosis in the epidermis. 39 To develop this study, more than 500 individuals in an endemic area were evaluated. Of these individuals, 104 had a history of NUCL without a previous history of VL.…”

State-of-the-art polymeric nanoparticles as promising therapeutic tools against human bacterial infections

“…Several studies have evaluated the potential of PNPs as therapeutic tool against E. coli urinary tract infections. Related to this, Ashmore and colleges compared the antibacterial efficacy of polymer-coated silver NPs with the non-coated ones [ 104 ]. The coating of silver NPs with polymer significantly improves the antibacterial efficacy of the particles.…”