Histopathological features of endometrial cancer. A cross sectional study

Abstract

Background: Endometrial cancer, as one of the most common gynecological cancers, lacks a comprehensive understanding of its survival parameters. The present study aims to analyze the effect of histopathological and clinical factors on the likelihood of recurrences. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2015 to 2021 on endometrial cancer patients at a university-affiliated medical center. Demographic, histopathological data, and molecular markers were collected. Data were compared between patients with or without recurrences or mortality. Results: After analyzing data from 180 cases, it was revealed that 16 cases (8.9%) experienced mortality following the recognition of recurrences. Endometrioid type was the most prevalent in non-surviving patients (75%) (P=0.01). The frequency of patients who survived was higher in the age group of 45-60 years (P=0.01). The highest mortality occurred in patients with high-grade endometrial cancer at stage 2, larger tumor sizes, and lymphovascular involvement at the time of the initial diagnosis. Comorbidities such as diabetes, cardiac diseases, or having more than two comorbidities were also associated with higher mortality (P=0.018). Additionally, 37.5% of cases with mortality had lymph node involvement compared to 7.1% in the opposite group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The mortality rate of Asian endometrial cancer patients was 8.9%, with higher mortality observed in older patients, clear cell and serous papillary pathology, and patients with lymphovascular involvement or larger tumors.