Histopathological investigations of the effects of malathion on dwarf lizards (Lacerta parva, Boulenger 1887)

Özelmas, Ünal; Akay, M. Turan

doi:10.1007/bf00203760

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Other reports of dermal toxicity of contaminants to reptiles (Alexander et al [9] and Talent [10]) likewise were not designed to provide quantitative toxicity data but instead were designed to test certain related hypotheses (e.g., temperature effects on contaminant sensitivity [10]). The remaining reptile quantitative toxicity estimates are often found individually and sporadically with reports of sublethal or chronic toxicity of contaminants ( € Ozelmas and Akay [12], Suski et al [13], and Salice et al [14]). The remaining reptile quantitative toxicity estimates are often found individually and sporadically with reports of sublethal or chronic toxicity of contaminants ( € Ozelmas and Akay [12], Suski et al [13], and Salice et al [14]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving reptile ecological risk assessment: Oral and dermal toxicity of pesticides to a common lizard species (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Weir

Talent

et al. 2015

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Reptiles have been understudied in ecotoxicology, which limits consideration in ecological risk assessments. The goals of the present study were 3-fold: to improve oral and dermal dosing methodologies for reptiles, to generate reptile toxicity data for pesticides, and to correlate reptile and avian toxicity. The authors first assessed the toxicity of different dosing vehicles: 100 μL of water, propylene glycol, and acetone were not toxic. The authors then assessed the oral and dermal toxicity of 4 pesticides following the up-and-down procedure. Neither brodifacoum nor chlorothalonil caused mortality at doses ≤ 1750 μg/g. Under the "neat pesticide" oral exposure, endosulfan (median lethal dose [LD50] = 9.8 μg/g) was more toxic than λ-cyhalothrin (LD50 = 916.5 μg/g). Neither chemical was toxic via dermal exposure. An acetone dosing vehicle increased λ-cyhalothrin toxicity (oral LD50 = 9.8 μg/g; dermal LD50 = 17.5 μg/g), but not endosulfan. Finally, changes in dosing method and husbandry significantly increased dermal λ-cyhalothrin LD50s, which highlights the importance of standardized methods. The authors combined data from the present study with other reptile LD50s to correlate with available avian data. When only definitive LD50s were used in the analysis, a strong correlation was found between avian and reptile toxicity. The results suggest it is possible to build predictive relationships between avian and reptile LD50s. More research is needed, however, to understand trends associated with chemical classes and modes of action.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving reptile ecological risk assessment: Oral and dermal toxicity of pesticides to a common lizard species (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Weir

Talent

et al. 2015

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…In O. elegans, the high-dose group showed considerable hemorrhage in the small intestine. Ozelmas and Akay (1995) showed the hypersecretion in mucous-secreting activity and perinuclear vacuolisation in the small intestine of the low dose group in the lizard, Lacerta parva, after exposure to different concentrations of malathion (1, 2, 3 mg/kg). Degeneration of villi, atrophy and ruptured villi were observed in the small intestine of the medium and high-dose groups like in O. elegans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological Effects of Carbaryl on Digestive System of Snake-eyed Lizard, Ophisops elegans

Çakıcı

Akat

2012

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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We examined the effects of carbaryl in the digestive system of Ophisops elegans. Lizards were exposed once to different concentrations of carbaryl (2.5, 25 and 250 μg/g). After 96 h, findings related to the esophagus in all treatment groups were not conspicuous. The most important histological defects were observed in the stomach. In the small intestine, collapse of villi was prominent at high-dose. In the large intestine, disintegration in epithelial cells and scattered secretory granules of goblet cells were observed at high dose.

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“…In addition to some older studies, all of the recent studies on the effects and accumulation of pesticides on lizards have been conducted in Australia, Africa, and Europe [7,10,15, 25,26]. These recent studies are promising because the sublethal effects of organic contaminants were studied, and these effects were linked to exposure concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A logical starting point for developing priorities for lizard and snake ecotoxicology: A review of available data

Campbell¹,

Campbell

2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Reptiles, specifically lizards and snakes, usually are excluded from environmental contamination studies and ecological risk assessments. This brief summary of available lizard and snake environmental contaminant data is presented to assist in the development of priorities for lizard and snake ecotoxicology. Most contaminant studies were not conducted recently, list animals found dead or dying after pesticide application, report residue concentrations after pesticide exposure, compare contaminant concentrations in animals from different areas, compare residue concentrations found in different tissues and organs, or compare changes in concentrations over time. The biological significance of the contaminant concentrations is rarely studied. A few recent studies, especially those conducted on modern pesticides, link the contaminant effects with exposure concentrations. Nondestructive sampling techniques for determining organic and inorganic contaminant concentrations in lizards and snakes recently have been developed. Studies that relate exposure, concentration, and effects of all types of environmental contaminants on lizards and snakes are needed. Because most lizards eat insects, studies on the exposure, effects, and accumulation of insecticides in lizards, and their predators, should be a top priority. Because all snakes are upper-trophic-level carnivores, studies on the accumulation and effects of contaminants that are known to bioaccumulate or biomagnify up the food chain should be the top priority.

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Histopathological investigations of the effects of malathion on dwarf lizards (Lacerta parva, Boulenger 1887)

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Improving reptile ecological risk assessment: Oral and dermal toxicity of pesticides to a common lizard species (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Improving reptile ecological risk assessment: Oral and dermal toxicity of pesticides to a common lizard species (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Histopathological Effects of Carbaryl on Digestive System of Snake-eyed Lizard, Ophisops elegans

A logical starting point for developing priorities for lizard and snake ecotoxicology: A review of available data

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