Histopathological Investigations onRickettsiella-like sp. and Nonoccluded Viruses Infecting the Pecan WeevilCurculio caryae,the Squash BeetleEpilachna borealis,and the Mexican Bean BeetleEpilachna varivestis

Ultrastructure and Cytopathology of a Rickettsia-like Organism Causing Systemic Infection in the Redclaw Crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus (Crustacea: Decapoda), in Ecuador

“…The developmental stages of the RLO described in this study, mainly the size and shape of the IB, are ultrastructurally different from those described in other intracellular bacteria of the genus Rickettsiella, such as Rickettsiella chironomi (Götz, 1972;Morel, 1976;Federici, 1980), R. popilliae (ϭ R. melolonthae) (Devauchelle et al, 1972), strains of R. grylli (Henry et al, 1986), or other Rickettsiella sp. (Louis et al, 1979;Adams et al, 1997). However, there are similarities with the ultrastructure of a rickettsia-like organism described by Federici et al (1974) in a crangonid amphipod.…”

“…On the basis of observations under light microscopy, Edgerton et al (1995) reported that the hemocytes are infected and apparently their response to the pathogen is ineffectual. Owens et al (1992) suggested that this RLO might be a member of Rickettsiella, a genus that previously has been reported only once in a freshwater crustacean (Federici et al, 1974) and that has been described mostly in insects (Götz, 1972;Devauchelle et al, 1972;Morel, 1976;Louis et al, 1979;Federici, 1980;Weiss et al, 1984;Henry et al, 1986;Frutos et al, 1994;Adams et al, 1997). No descriptions of the ultrastructure or the developmental stages have been presented in the literature on infected cells in C. quadricarinatus (Owens et al, 1992;Ketterer et al, 1992;Jiménez and Romero, 1997).…”

Infection With a Novel Rickettsiella Species in Emperor Scorpions (Pandinus imperator)

“…3,7,28,35,44,52 The cell membrane of Rickettsiella is rich in peptidoglycans and lipopolysaccharides, thought to be an important trigger for inflammation while providing a means for obligate intracellular existence of this microorganism. 1,30,33,34,49 The inflammatory cascade in arachnids includes recruitment of hemocytes and activation of a compliment-like clotting cascade, intended to sequester hemolymph and prevent loss of hemolymph from internal or external injuries. 3,7 Hemocytopoiesis in arachnids is described as arising from the internal wall of the myocardium 19 while conflicting literature in scorpions describes a presumed hematopoietic organ arising from the supraneural artery.…”

“…Histopathologic findings were compared to archived tissues from normal emperor scorpions (Figs. 1,5,8). In all 4 cases, the hemolymphatic system (composed of the hemolymphatic vasculature, sinuses, and the presumed hematopoietic organ) was infiltrated with numerous large granular hemocytes that were individualized or formed coalescing aggregates (nodulation).…”

Microbial Control of Insect Pests in Temperate Orchard Systems: Potential for Incorporation into IPM

“…Most C. caryae adults emerge from soil over a four-to six-week period usually beginning in mid-August (70); larvae emerge from nuts over several months in the autumn and early winter (71, 154). Although some studies have been conducted on virus and bacteria of C. caryae, most attention has focused on nematodes and fungi (2,55,142,154,177).…”