Histopathological spectrum of upper gastro intestinal lesions in endoscopic biopsies at a tertiary care centre

Abstract

: Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) endoscopy along with biopsy is an established procedure for investigating a wide range of gastrointestinal conditions, especially malignant and inflammatory lesions. Most common conditions requiring endoscopic biopsy of Upper GIT include dyspepsia, gastro oesophageal reflex disorder, Barrett’s esophagus, oesophageal and gastric carcinomas. : To determine the spectrum of histopathological lesions of GIT and to compare it with endoscopic findings.: The present study is an observational study done at the department of pathology of a tertiary care centre which included endoscopic biopsies of upper GIT. Biopsy specimens received were fixed in 10% formalin and processed routinely and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. Special stains were done as and when required. Endoscopic biopsies were analysed and assessed.: 1 It included endoscopic biopsies of esophagus, stomach, and duodenal lesions. 2. Age more than 20 years.: Inadequate and poorly fixed biopsies.A total of 177 endoscopic biopsies were studied, majority of lesions occurred in 61-70 years of age group and predominantly in males with M:F ratio 1.3:1. Out of total 177 biopsies, 21 (12%) were from esophagus, 90(51%) from stomach and 66(37%) from duodenum. The most common histopathological diagnosis in esophagus was esophagitis (47%) followed by barrettes esophagus (28%). In stomach, the most common diagnosis was gastritis (45%) followed by gastric polyps (34%) and in duodenum, it was duodenitis (66%) followed by celiac disease (18%). In comparison with endoscopic findings,100% concordance was seen with esophagitis, gastritis, duodenitis and 60% with squamous cell carcinoma in esophagus, 91% concordance with adenocarcinoma in stomach.