Historical and Comparative Linguistics

Anttila, Raimo

doi:10.1075/cilt.6

Cited by 431 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…The listener prefers that the child produce salient and distinct sound shapes to code distinct concepts, a preference that historical linguists have assumed to apply in adult language as well (e.g. Vennemann 1978, Anttila 1989. This emphasis on the communicative function of language brings us to another definition of phonology, one that supports the view that vocabulary acquisition drives phonological development.…”

Section: Vocabulary Acquisition and Phonological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 65%

Effects of Acquisition Rate on Emergent Structure in Phonological Development

Redford¹,

Miikkulainen²

2007

lan

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Individual differences in child phonologies are often correlated with the rate at which language is being acquired. The correlation suggests some relationship between acquisition rate and language structure, but the nature of this relationship is not well understood. This article presents a computational model, the VOCABULARY EXPANSION MODEL (VEM), designed to explore how acquisition rate might interact with other constraints on phonological development to give rise to rate-dependent differences in the structure of words in a developing vocabulary. In VEM, words from a simulated adult target vocabulary are evaluated according to well-specified articulatory and perceptual costs, and selected into child vocabularies at different rates. Comparisons of the structure in the simulated child vocabularies show that words acquired early during vocabulary development have simpler phonological structures than words acquired later, and that slow word acquisition results in vocabularies with shorter words, simpler segments, greater segment to segment similarity, and simpler syllable structures than more rapid word acquisition. These results are qualitatively similar to the intra-and interindividual differences observed in children with normal and delayed language, suggesting that at least some of the structural differences may emerge from the rate at which children acquire words.*

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Section: Vocabulary Acquisition and Phonological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 65%

Effects of Acquisition Rate on Emergent Structure in Phonological Development

Redford¹,

Miikkulainen²

2007

lan

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“…The phonology involved in this word formation is similar to the two cases studied in the previous sections in that various nonconcatenative base modificational strategies are attested depending on the base form. This phase alternation is comprehensively described by Churchward (1940) and theoretically studied quite extensively in the earlier literature (Haudricourt 1958ab;Biggs 1959Biggs , 1965Milner 1971;Cairns 1976;Saito 1981;van der Hulst 1983;Janda 1984;McCarthy 1986bMcCarthy , 1989McCarthy , 2000cMester 1986;Besnier 1987;Hoeksema andJanda 1988, Odden 1988;Anttila 1989;Weeda 1992;Blevins 1994). All content words exhibit the phase alternation.…”

Section: The Incomplete Phase In Rotumanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of final segment deletion include Danish imperatives (Anderson 1975;Jones and Gade 1981;Allan, Holmes and Lundskaer-Nielsen 1995), the Rotuman incomplete phase (Churchward 1940;Haudricourt 1958ab;Biggs 1959Biggs , 1965Milner 1971;Cairns 1976;Saito 1981;van der Hulst 1983;Janda 1984;McCarthy 1986bMcCarthy , 1989McCarthy , 2000cMester 1986;Besnier 1987;Hoeksema and Janda 1988;Odden 1988;Anttila 1989;Weeda 1992;Blevins 1994), Icelandic deverbal nouns (Ore nik 1972Arnason 1980;Kiparsky 1984;Itô 1986;Benua 1995), Lardil nominatives (Hale 1973;Itô 1986;Wilkinson 1988;Weeda 1992;Prince and Smolensky 1993;Blevins 1997;Horwood 1999;Kurisu 1999), Tiberian Hebrew imperatives (Prince 1975;Benua 1995Benua , 1997, and Tiberian Hebrew jussives (Prince 1975;McCarthy 1979;Benua 1995Benua , 1997. Some examples of languages with final syllable deletion are Papago perfectives …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phonology of Morpheme Realization

Kurisu¹

2002

Journal of Japanese Linguistics

108

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unmistakable blends as in (1)-(3) above present direct evidence of a blending mechanism, but they appear to be relatively rare, particularly as a source of change. It is telling that most historical linguistics textbooks mention blending only in connection to contaminations in word formation (often as a source of irregularities in sound change) (Jeffers & Lehiste 1979;Anttila 1989;Aitchison 1991; Lehmann 1992; McMahon 1994; Trask 1996; Sihler 1999;Crowley 2010), while some textbooks fail to mention blending altogether (Bynon 1977;Hale 2007),and only a few discuss blending in relation to syntactic change (Hock 1986;Croft 2000;Campbell 2004). It is further revealing that the changes caused by blending are described as "oddities" (Aitchison 1991: 177), "peripherally important" (Anttila 1989: 142) or "sporadic" (McMahon 1994: 75).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Change through recombination: blending and analogy

Smet

2013

Language Sciences

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Blending is generally seen as a marginal source of linguistic innovations in language change. However, the impact of blending is likely underestimated, because blends may occur under the guise of analogical extension. In such cases, blending is covert and cannot be detected synchronically in the innovative structure. In this paper, the relation between analogy and blending is analyzed. Next, the role of covert blending is demonstrated in two diachronic case studies. The first case study addresses the use of the English verbs want and need in the Passival Participle Construction (e.g. you need your eyes testing). The pattern could have analogically extended from perception verbs, as claimed by Visser (1963-73), but distributional, chronological and semantic evidence indicate that the extension happened through blending between two other constructions, the Passival Gerund Construction (your eyes need testing) and the Object Complement Construction (you need your eyes tested). The second case study deals with the development of the Dutch downtoner allesbehalve ('not at all'). It is shown that once allesbehalve had adopted the syntactic status of a downtoner it spread to new syntactic contexts. Since this brings allesbehalve in line with other downtoners, the process can be seen as an instance of analogical extension.Quantitative evidence, however, shows that the developing syntactic behaviour of the downtoner continues to be influenced by the syntax of its composing elements, alles ('everything') and behalve ('except'). Change is thus partly driven by blending between the downtoner and its own historical source. In both cases, apparent analogical extensions hide an underlying blend. These findings show that blending may be more pervasive than generally recognized, supplementing rule-based strategies for coining new utterances.Keywords: analogy; complementation; downtoner; Dutch; English; gerund; participle; syntactic blending 4 IntroductionBlending is most familiar as a source of speech errors as in (1) (mixing up terrible and horrible), or as the source of conscious coinages as in (2) (combining buffalo and beef). It is also traditionally recognized as an occasional source of spontaneous language change, when non-intentional mix-ups make it into the linguistic repertoire of a larger community of speakers, as in (3) (combining irrespective and regardless).(1)That's torrible! (quoted from Garrett 1980: 205) (2) Basolo discusses cross breeding of buffalo and beef cattle to produce hybrid beefalo. (1974, OED s.v. beefalo) (3) they were trying to cover up, manage the media so that they would look good, irregardless of how many lives we were losing over there. (1991, COCA) The examples in (1)- (3) share a number of characteristics. First, in the examples, the expressions providing input to blending share a common formal element (/rəbl̩ / in (1); /bVf/ in (2); /rɪ/ in (3)). Second, the expressions involved are approximately synonymous (terrible and horrible, irrespective and regardless) or at least sem...

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Historical and Comparative Linguistics

Cited by 431 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Acquisition Rate on Emergent Structure in Phonological Development

Effects of Acquisition Rate on Emergent Structure in Phonological Development

The Phonology of Morpheme Realization

Change through recombination: blending and analogy

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