Historical Diversification of Migration Patterns in a Passerine Bird

Pérez‐Tris, Javier; Bensch, Staffan; Carbonell, Roberto; Helbig, Andreas J.; Tellería, José Luis

doi:10.1554/03-731

Cited by 134 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This is exactly what we see in figure 2, where there are more young pairs with low differentiation in the divide group (open circles, bottom left hand corner). Sister pairs that form divides today also provide support for this expectation, as many of the migratory divides described to date occur between taxa that exhibit low levels of phenotypic divergence, including subspecies of willow warblers [9], populations of European blackcaps [64] and subspecies groups of the Swainson's thrush. For example, two groups of Swainson's thrushes form a migratory divide in western North America, where they differ in song, morphology, and colour [65,66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Phenotypic divergence during speciation is inversely associated with differences in seasonal migration

et al. 2015

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Differences in seasonal migration might promote reproductive isolation and differentiation by causing populations in migratory divides to arrive on the breeding grounds at different times and/or produce hybrids that take inferior migratory routes. We examined this question by quantifying divergence in song, colour, and morphology between sister pairs of North American migratory birds. We predicted that apparent rates of phenotypic differentiation would differ between pairs that do and do not form migratory divides. Consistent with this prediction, results from mixed effects models and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models of evolution showed different rates of divergence between these groups; surprisingly, differentiation was greater among nondivide pairs. We interpret this finding as a result of variable rates of population blending and fusion between partially diverged forms. Ancient pairs of populations that subsequently fused are now observed as a single form, whereas those that did not fuse are observable as pairs and included in our study. We propose that fusion of two populations is more likely to occur when they have similar migratory routes and little other phenotypic differentiation that would cause reproductive isolation. By contrast, pairs with migratory divides are more likely to remain reproductively isolated, even when differing little in other phenotypic traits. These findings suggest that migratory differences may be one among several isolating barriers that prevent divergent populations from fusing and thereby increase the likelihood that they will continue differentiating as distinct species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Phenotypic divergence during speciation is inversely associated with differences in seasonal migration

et al. 2015

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“…In most cases, these flyways have been delimited based on mark-recapture data but, in many species, they are also supported by the molecular data (mostly mtDNA), that is, in passerines (Ruegg and Smith, 2002;Clegg et al, 2003;Pérez-Tris et al, 2004), waders (Wennerberg, 2001) and several species of waterfowl (Scribner et al, 2001;Gay et al, 2004). Similarly, Friesen et al, (2007) found that a majority of seabirds with discontinuous distributions on the breeding or wintering grounds showed some genetic substructure.…”

Section: Genetic Differentiation and Migratory Dividesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Breeding site fidelity and winter admixture in a long-distance migrant, the tufted duck (Aythya fuligula)

2012

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Long-distance migrants are, by definition, highly mobile but it is poorly understood if this leads to high rates of gene flow and an essentially panmictic global population structure. Genetic divergence in migratory species could be promoted, for example, by fidelity to distinct migratory pathways. In this study, we investigate the population genetic structure of tufted duck (Aythya fuligula), a long-distance migrant with a largely continuous breeding distribution across Eurasia. Distinct, longitudinally oriented flyways have been postulated based on geographically disjunct wintering areas and are supported by evidence from ringing data. We generated sequences of the mitochondrial control region and multi-locus microsatellite genotypes for several hundreds of samples from the European and Asian breeding and wintering grounds including some individuals infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1. Significant differentiation between breeding sites was observed for both marker types, but F ST values were approximately 10 times higher for maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA than for biparentally transmitted nuclear markers. The genetic differentiation between the postulated European and Asian flyways was similar to that observed within continents and, in general, genetic divergence was not associated with geographic distance. Neither marker type showed evidence of genetic substructure among aggregations on the European wintering grounds. Our results suggest some breeding site fidelity, especially in females, but extensive population admixture on the wintering grounds. Several scenarios may explain the observed lack of genetic divergence between Europe and Asia including non-equilibrium conditions following a recent range expansion or contemporary gene flow across the postulated migratory divides.

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“…If powered flight is an integral part of a species' lifestyle, and if BMR reflects these demands, then one should not expect differences in BMR between migrant and temperate resident groups. Alternatively, because tropical migrants developed the migratory habit in recent geological history (34)(35)(36)(37)(38), and because they breed in a benign thermal environment, one might predict that their pace of life is more similar to tropical birds. Some authors have suggested that Neotropical migrants have lower fecundity and higher survival than do temperate residents, patterns consistent with a low rate of energy expenditure (35).…”

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confidence: 99%

Tropical birds have a slow pace of life

Wiersma

Muñoz‐Garcia

Walker

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

341

348

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Tropical birds are relatively long-lived and produce few offspring, which develop slowly and mature relatively late in life, the slow end of the life-history axis, whereas temperate birds lie at the opposite end of this continuum. We tested the hypothesis that tropical birds have evolved a reduced basal metabolic rate (BMR). We measured BMR of 69 species of tropical birds, the largest data set amassed on metabolic rates of tropical birds, and compared these measurements with 59 estimates of BMR for temperate birds. Our analyses included conventional least squares regression, regressions based on phylogenetic independent contrasts, and a comparison of BMR of 13 phylogenetically matched pairs, one species from the tropics and one from northerly temperate areas. Our triptych showed that tropical birds had a reduced BMR, compelling evidence for a connection between the life history of tropical birds and a slow pace of life. Further, tropical migrants breeding in temperate habitats had a lower BMR than did temperate residents, suggesting that these migrants have physiological traits consistent with a slow pace of life. In addition, we determined that tropical birds had a lower cold-induced peak metabolic rate and thermogenic metabolic scope than temperate species, a finding that is consistent with the hypothesis that their environment has not selected for high levels of thermogenesis, or alternatively, that a slow pace of life may be incompatible with high thermogenic capacity. We conclude that physiological function correlates with the suite of life-history traits.basal metabolic rate ͉ life history ͉ peak metabolic rate ͉ tropics ͉ migration L ife-history traits, such as clutch size, age at maturity, rate of growth of offspring, and longevity tend to cluster in ecological space such that species with long lives produce small numbers of offspring that develop slowly and mature relatively late in life (1-3). At the opposite end of this ''slow-fast'' continuum, organisms have low survival rates coupled with large numbers of offspring that develop rapidly and reach sexual maturity at an early age. Among some species, life-history traits also covary with rate of energy expenditure, the pace of life, such that animals with high rates of reproduction have high energy expenditure, and vice versa (4, 5). Support for the connectivity between life history, especially survivorship, and rate of living comes from studies on fruit flies Drosophila (6), houseflies Musca domestica (7), and nematode worms Caenorhabditis elegans (8), as well as meta-analyses on mammals (2, 9, 10). Although less attention has been given to relationships between life history and metabolism in birds, Trevelyan et al. (11) did show an association between resting metabolic rate in birds and their maximum life span.With small clutches (12-14), slower growth as nestlings (15), long periods when fledglings are dependent on parents (16, 17), and higher rates of adult survival than temperate counterparts (15,(18)(19)(20), tropical birds fall along the slow en...

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Historical Diversification of Migration Patterns in a Passerine Bird

Cited by 134 publications

References 46 publications

Phenotypic divergence during speciation is inversely associated with differences in seasonal migration

Phenotypic divergence during speciation is inversely associated with differences in seasonal migration

Breeding site fidelity and winter admixture in a long-distance migrant, the tufted duck (Aythya fuligula)

Tropical birds have a slow pace of life

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