Historical forest patterns of Oregon's central Coast Range

Ripple, William J.; Hershey, K. T.; Anthony, Robert G.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(99)00034-8

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These systems may also be highly disturbed. Logging is common in the Coast Range (Ripple et al 2000) and a high proportion of clearcut area has been shown to increase streamflows in the Western Cascades of Oregon (Jones and Grant 1996), which could result in increased export due to the landscape's inability to retain N for processing. When precipitation as a percentage of streamflow is plotted against percent N export, the Siuslaw and Nehalem are clear outliers (Fig.…”

Section: Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Watershed nitrogen input and riverine export on the west coast of the US

2009

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This study evaluated the sources, sinks, and factors controlling net export of nitrogen (N) from watersheds on the west coast of the US. We calculated input of new N to 22 watersheds for 1992 and 2002. 1992 inputs ranged from 541 to 11,644 kg N km -2 year -1 , with an overall area-weighted average of 1,870 kg N km -2 year -1 . In 2002, the range of inputs was 490-10,875 kg N km -2 year -1 , averaging 2,158 kg N km -2 year -1 . Fertilizer was the most important source of new N, averaging 956 (1992) and 1,073 kg N km -2 year -1 (2002). Atmospheric deposition was the next most important input, averaging 833 (1992) and 717 kg N km -2 year -1 (2002), followed by biological N fixation in agricultural lands. Riverine N export, calculated based on measurements taken at the furthest downstream USGS water quality monitoring station, averaged 165 (1992) and 196 kg N km -2 year -1 (2002), although data were available for only 7 watersheds at the latter time point. Downstream riverine N export was correlated with variations in streamflow (export = 0.94 9 streamflow -5.65, R 2 = 0.66), with N inputs explaining an additional 16% of the variance (export = 1.06 9 streamflow ? 0.06 9 input -227.78, R 2 = 0.82). The percentage of N input that is exported averaged 12%. Percent export was also related to streamflow (%export = 0.05 9 streamflow -2.61, R 2 = 0.60). The correlations with streamflow are likely a result of its large dynamic range in these systems. However, the processes that control watershed N export are not yet completely understood.

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Section: Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Watershed nitrogen input and riverine export on the west coast of the US

2009

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“…This is an even more extreme situation considering that our study area has a low level of human impact, whereas sectors with Austrocedrus forests in other places of province Chubut have been strongly affected by forest fires or substituted by coniferous plantations (Carabelli, 2004). Regarding to other studies that analyzed forest fragmentation mainly due to logging (Löfman and Kouki, 2001;Ripple et al, 1991Ripple et al, , 2000Grez et al, 1998), these results are regrettable, because they are not only concealed in different land uses but also some of them are traditionally incorporated in the practices of the local people; hence it is very difficult to promote changes in the customs that were nearer to assessing the enormous fragility and crucial environmental relevance of these ecosystems (Carabelli et al, 2000). Supporting Turner et al (2001), we must address this issue when considering that given the extensive influence of human land use on landscape structure and function, it is folly to consider the future of any landscape separated from the humans that inhabit or manage it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition we calculated the proportion of forest in landscape for each density class in percentage (Zerda, 1998;Ripple et al, 2000).…”

Section: Analysis Of Changes On Landscape Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The result is that most forest landscapes exist in various states of structural modifications (Loyn and McAlpine, 2001). Several studies assessing human-induced changes of spatial and temporal heterogeneity regarding tree species in forest landscapes have been developed worldwide (Lida and Nakashizuka, 1995;Rescia et al, 1997;Silbernagel et al, 1997, Grez et al, 1998Roth, 1999;Ripple et al, 2000;Jenkins and Parker, 2000;Puric-Mladenovic et al, 2000;Hessburg et al, 2000;Löfman and Kouki, 2001;Fukamachi et al, 2001, Lawes et al, 2004Tucker et al, 2005), and even at a global scale (Riitters et al, 2000;Wade et al, 2003). However, such studies are still uncommon in the «south of the south», where Patagonia is placed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes on landscape heterogeneity and spatial patterning of native forests in Patagonia, Argentina

Carabelli

Scoz²,

Claverie³

et al. 2006

For. syst.

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Native forests in Patagonia have been influenced by human activities since the beginning of the past century. Nevertheless, the availability of aerial photographs to conduct analysis of changes at a landscape level due to anthropic factors is generally restricted to the last decades. Therefore this study was aimed to detect changes of the forest landscape heterogeneity during the last thirty years in the northwest region of Chubut, the middle-located Patagonian province, and to study spatial patterning of forest landscapes. For the first goal, we focused on a 2,000 ha landscape unit with prevailing Austrocedrus chilensis forests. In 466 ha covered by these forests, 41% of this area was negatively affected by forest fires, timber logging followed by livestock grazing and substitution with pine plantations. In contrast, growth of young Austrocedrus forests was verified in 9% of the forest area. Spatial patterns were studied on an area of 10,000 ha showing a high heterogeneity of the distinctive landscape configurations.Key words: Austrocedrus chilensis, fragmentation, landscape patterning. ResumenCambios en la heterogeneidad del paisaje y organización espacial de bosques nativos en Patagonia, ArgentinaLos bosques nativos en Patagonia han estado influidos por la acción del hombre desde principios del siglo pasado. Sin embargo, la disponibilidad de fotografías aéreas para efectuar análisis de cambios debidos a factores antrópicos a escala de paisaje está generalmente restringida a las últimas décadas. En consecuencia, este estudio estuvo orientado a detectar y analizar los cambios de la heterogeneidad del paisaje forestal durante los últimos treinta años en la región noroeste de Chubut, la provincia central de Patagonia en Argentina, y a estudiar la organización espacial de paisajes forestales. Para el primer objetivo, nos concentramos en una unidad de paisaje de 2.000 ha con predominancia de bosques de Austrocedrus chilensis. En 466 ha cubiertas con estos bosques, 41% de esta área fue negativamente afectado por incendios forestales, extracciones forestales seguidas de pastoreo y reemplazo de bosques nativos por plantaciones de pinos. En contraste, el crecimiento de bosques jóvenes de Austrocedrus se verificó en el 9% del área forestal. Los patrones espaciales se estudiaron en un área de 10.000 ha y mostraron una alta heterogeneidad de las configuraciones distintivas del paisaje.

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“…Booth (1991) estimated approximately 62% of western Washington and Oregon were in forests greater than 200 years of age. Ripple et al (2000) estimated that in the central Oregon coast range 63% of the pre-logging forest landscape was old growth. Rasmussen and Ripple (1998) estimated 72% of the pre-logging landscape in southern Oregon Coast Range was comprised of the large conifer size class.…”

Section: Historic Range Of Variation In Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Structure Within Barred Owl (Strix varia) Home Ranges in the Eastern Cascade Range, Washington

Singleton

2015

Journal of Raptor Research

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Historical forest patterns of Oregon's central Coast Range

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Watershed nitrogen input and riverine export on the west coast of the US

Watershed nitrogen input and riverine export on the west coast of the US

Changes on landscape heterogeneity and spatial patterning of native forests in Patagonia, Argentina

Forest Structure Within Barred Owl (Strix varia) Home Ranges in the Eastern Cascade Range, Washington

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