Historical grisailles characterisation: A literature review

Machado, Carla; Vilarigues, Márcia; Palomar, Teresa

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2021.03.010

Cited by 8 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Most of the accessible areas were thinner layers. It seems the analyses reveal that the grisailles on the three panels fall within the use of iron and copper together, similar to what was identified in other Eastern European countries [2]. Ratios of Fe 2 O 3 :CuO of 1:1 or 1:2 [2] seem to be consistent with some of the results presented for the three panels in this study.…”

Section: Th/16th Century: Three For Onesupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Grisaille was the first glass-based paint used in stained-glass windows, usually for the creation of contours and shadows with dark colours (brown or black) [1][2][3][4]. Grisailles are typically produced with a mixture of high-lead base-glass and metal oxides of iron and/or copper used as pigments [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This mixture is applied to the glass substrate after being combined with a vehicle agent (e.g., vinegar or water) and a temporary binding agent (e.g., Arabic gum). The glass-paint is fired at temperatures between 650 • C and 700 • C, forming a thin (10-100 µm) and uneven layer on the top of the substrate [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of grisaille paint has been the subject of interest for professionals and scholars throughout the years; this interest has increased very recently [2,5]. However, it was only possible to find a few publications where the Germanic grisailles' composition was quantitatively characterised [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Germanic Grisailles through the Stained-Glass Collection at Pena Palace

Rodrigues

Machado

Alves³

et al. 2022

Heritage

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The lack of studies reporting the characterisation of Germanic grisaille is evident, despite the recent interest of researchers in this glass painting material. This work consists of the first assessment of Germanic grisaille’ chemical composition on a wide chronology (14th–19th centuries), that was only possible through the unique stained-glass collection of King Ferdinand II of Portugal. From the considerable amount of panels produced in Germanic territory and assembled by Ferdinand, twenty-two panels were characterised, and some trends of glass support typical composition and grisaille recipes were verified through this case study. A copper-based grisaille appears to have been the preference up to the 18th century. The 19th century shows higher diversity in composition, with new compounds (such as Co, Cr, Mn) appearing as colourising materials. However, with a limited number of analyses, and dispersed throughout time and different geographic locations, the results of this study are unprecedented, by being able to present the first overview on grisaille composition in Germanic stained glasses.

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Section: Th/16th Century: Three For Onesupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Overview of Germanic Grisailles through the Stained-Glass Collection at Pena Palace

Rodrigues

Machado

Alves³

et al. 2022

Heritage

Self Cite

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“…The second reason may be that it is often not possible to collect a representative paint layer sample from a valuable stained glass window. Interesting reviews on the characterisation of historical grisailles [1] and regarding the technology of the vitreous paints [2] were recently published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

XRF Imaging (MA-XRF) as a Valuable Method in the Analysis of Nonhomogeneous Structures of Grisaille Paint Layers

2021

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Stained glass paint layers made with vitreous paints can be a challenging subject for analyses. Their heterogenic structure requires proper experimental methodology in order to obtain valuable data. The main goal of this paper is to present the advantages of macro-XRF scanning (MA-XRF) in the non-destructive investigation of historical grisaille paint layers on the basis of research conducted on seven stained glass panels from the Dominican Monastery in Kraków, the Diocesan Museum in Kielce and the National Museum in Poznań (Poland). The obtained results showed the capabilities of MA-XRF scanning in technology recognition, the legibility of damaged fragments of painted depictions, as well as with distinguishing the elemental composition between vitreous paints in different colours. Additionally, SEM-EDS measurements are presented so as to acquire quantitative results and additional information concerning light elements.

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Combined MA-XRF, MA-XRPD and SEM-EDX analysis of a medieval stained-glass panel formerly from Notre Dame, Paris reveals its material history

Gestels

Snickt

Caen

et al. 2022

Microchemical Journal

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Historical grisailles characterisation: A literature review

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

An Overview of Germanic Grisailles through the Stained-Glass Collection at Pena Palace

An Overview of Germanic Grisailles through the Stained-Glass Collection at Pena Palace

XRF Imaging (MA-XRF) as a Valuable Method in the Analysis of Nonhomogeneous Structures of Grisaille Paint Layers

Combined MA-XRF, MA-XRPD and SEM-EDX analysis of a medieval stained-glass panel formerly from Notre Dame, Paris reveals its material history

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