Historical trends of food self-sufficiency in Africa

Luan, Yibo; Cui, Xuefeng; Ferrat, Marion

doi:10.1007/s12571-013-0260-1

Cited by 75 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…To measure the impact of trade on food availability, we used the SSR, a food import dependency indicator. It is frequently used to characterize a country's social capacity to provide stable supplies to meet its domestic food demands (Luan et al 2013). Specifically, we calculated SSR for nitrogen (N SSR cr yr , ) as N in domestically produced crop cr divided by N in consumed crop cr in year yr for China (Gu et al 2017).…”

Section: Social Impacts: Food Independence and Selfsufficiency Ratio mentioning

confidence: 99%

The environmental and socioeconomic trade-offs of importing crops to meet domestic food demand in China

Huang

Yao

Jing

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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China increasingly relies on agricultural imports, driven by its rising population and income, as well as dietary shifts. International trade offers an opportunity to relieve pressures on resource depletion and pollution, such as nitrogen (N) pollution, while it poses multiple socioeconomic challenges, such as food availability. To quantify such trade-offs considering the roles of different crop types, we developed a unique crop-specific N budget database and assessed the impacts of the crop trade on multiple sustainability concerns including N pollution caused by crop production, crop land area, independence of food supply, and trade expenditures. We quantified the 'virtual' N inputs and harvested areas, which are the amount of N inputs and land resources used in exporting countries for China's crop import. In addition, we proposed the concepts of 'alternative' N inputs and harvested area to quantify the resources needed if imported crops were produced in China. By comparing results from 'alternative' and 'virtual' concepts, we assessed the role of trade in Chinese crops over the past 30 years (i.e. 1986-2015) in alleviating N pollution and saving cropland in China and the world. Crop imports accounted for 31% of Chinese crop N consumption in 2015, and these crop imports eased the need for an additional cropland area of 62 million ha. It also avoided an N surplus by 56 and 36 Tg (Tg=10 9 kg) for China and the world respectively but led to $621 billion crop trade expenditures over the 30 year period. The N pollution damage avoided by crop imports in economic terms was priced at $22±16 billion in 2015, which is lower than the crop trade expenditures but may be surpassed in the future with the development of the Chinese economy. Optimizing a crop trade portfolio can shift domestic production from N-intensive crop production (e.g. maize, fruits, and vegetables) to N-efficient crop production (e.g. soybeans), and consequently mitigate an N surplus by up to 12%. Improving N use efficiency for individual crops can further increase the mitigation potential of N surplus to 30%-50%, but requires technology advancement and policy incentives.

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Section: Social Impacts: Food Independence and Selfsufficiency Ratio mentioning

confidence: 99%

The environmental and socioeconomic trade-offs of importing crops to meet domestic food demand in China

Huang

Yao

Jing

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…The climate of Africa is governed by its position on the globe and can be broadly divided into five different climate types [4]:…”

Section: Africa Continentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Machine Learning be used to address Africa’s Challenges?

Elisa¹

2018

IJCA

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Machine Learning can be both experience and supervised based learning. Machine learning would help in designing system that can be able to take decisions in a more optimized form and also help them to work in most efficient method. In the field of machine learning one considers the important question of how to make machines able to "learn". Learning in this context is understood as inductive inference, where one observes examples that represent incomplete information about some "statistical phenomenon". Advanced economies are already using machine learning to solve problems like medical diagnosis, Improving Ecommerce Conversion Rates, traffic congestion, saving cows from bad drivers and improving healthcare, while Africa lags conspicuously behind. African leaders may be aware of this. Whether they possess the foresight to see and take people through is however debatable. This paper discusses how machine learning could be used to address Africa's challenges by highlighting how some of major challenges can be solved using certain machine learning techniques. Major challenges to Africa continent are identified and machine learning techniques that could address them are briefly highlighted.While it does have some frightening implications when thinking about it, machine learning applications are several of the many ways this technology can improve our lives.

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“…Povinsi Jawa Barat meliputi wilayah daratan seluas 3.709.528,44 Ha dan wilayah pesisir laut, sepanjang 12 mil dari garis pantai penduduk. Jumlah kebutuhan pangan penduduk atau permintaan pangan di suatu wilayah antara lain ditentukan oleh jumlah dan laju pertumbuhan penduduk (Luan et al 2013 Faktor yang mempengaruhi kecukupan konsumsi energi dari pangan hewani termasuk ikan adalah selera, pendapatan (Farhan 2008), harga ikan dan jumlah anggota keluarga (Wahyuni 2011). BPS (2013) melaporkan bahwa proporsi pengeluaran ikan di Jawa Barat pada tahun 2012 adalah 2,94% dengan rata-rata pengeluaran/kapita/sebulan adalah Rp 22.019 di wilayah perkotaan dan Rp 15.613 di wilayah pedesaan.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Karakteristik Wilayahunclassified

The Analysis of Fish and Other Animal Food Self-Sufficiency in 26 Districts/Citiesof West Java 2012

Baliwati

Saputra

2015

Jurnal PHPI

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AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui situasi konsumsi aktual dari ikan dan pangan hewani lainnya terhadap konsumsi normatif pangan hewani; pola konsumsi dan produksi ikan dan pangan hewani lainnya; serta rasio kecukupan ikan dan pangan hewani lainnya berdasarkan produksi bersih terhadap konsumsi normatif. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional study. Penelitian dilaksanakan di 26 kabupaten/kota Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pengumpulan, pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan pada bulan Januari-Juli 2014, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriftif. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dan sudah menjadi angka tetap (ATAP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 21 (80,8%) kabupaten/ kota mempunyai konsumsi aktual di bawah konsumsi normatif. Konsumsi pangan ikan dan pangan hewani lainnya penduduk di Jawa Barat pada tahun 2012 tergolong rendah. Kontribusi ikan dalam konsumsi pangan hewani sekitar 13-44 % sehingga menjadi salah satu komoditas penentu pola konsumsi pangan hewani di 26 Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Barat. Komoditas ikan juga menjadi pola produksi pangan hewani di hampir semua kabupaten/kota di Jabar, kecuali Kabupaten Sukabumi, Kota Bandung, Kota Depok dan Kota Cimahi. Pola konsumsi pangan penduduk belum memanfaatkan potensi sehingga tidak selalu sesuai dengan pola produksi pangan wilayah. Pada tahun 2012 terdapat 13 (50 %) kabupaten/kota di Jawa Barat yang telah mandiri pangan ikan dan pangan hewani lainnya.Kata kunci: ikan dan pangan hewan lainnya, kemandirian pangan, konsumsi dan produksi pangan Abstract This study was aimed to determine the actual situation of production and consumption, and animal food adequacy ratio based on net production devided to normative consumption. This study used cross sectional study and conducted at 26 districts/cities in West Java Province. The collecting, processing, and analyzing of data since January until July 2014. This study used secondary data that had become a constant number. The results of this study showed that 21 (80,8%) districts/cities have actual comsumption below the normative consumption. Fishes consumption and the others animal consumption in West Java citizen in 2012 were included to low category. Fishes contibute in animal food consumption about 13-44% so that became the one of the determining commodity for animal food pattern in 26 districts/cities in West Java Province. Fishes commodity also became animal food production pattern almost in those all districts/cities in West Java Province except Sukabumi District, Bandung City, Depok City, and Cimahi City. The pattern of citizen's food consumption has been utilized the potential yet, so was not always approrite with the pattern of district food production. In 2012, there were 13 (50%) districts/cities in West Java Province that have became self-sufficiency in fishes and the others animal food.Keywords: Fish and the other animal food, food self-sufficiency, consumption and production. PENDAHULUANIkan dan pangan hewani lainnya merupakan kelompok pangan sumber protein yang pe...

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Historical trends of food self-sufficiency in Africa

Cited by 75 publications

References 31 publications

The environmental and socioeconomic trade-offs of importing crops to meet domestic food demand in China

The environmental and socioeconomic trade-offs of importing crops to meet domestic food demand in China

Could Machine Learning be used to address Africa’s Challenges?

The Analysis of Fish and Other Animal Food Self-Sufficiency in 26 Districts/Citiesof West Java 2012

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