History and Clinical Signs of Cruciate Ligament Rupture

Muir, Peter

doi:10.1002/9781119261728.ch15

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

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“…Qualitative subjective assessment of stifle joint stability revealed a sensitivity and specificity of 100% for all tests and all observers, which is in line with the first part of our third hypothesis. This result should be interpreted carefully because our model using CCL transection mimics hyperlax stifles, which present with instability that is easily detected by MLTs 4,6 . Other available studies investigating the accuracy of CD and TCT found less favorable results 7,31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…This result should be interpreted carefully because our model using CCL transection mimics hyperlax stifles, which present with instability that is easily detected by MLTs. 4,6 Other available studies investigating the accuracy of CD and TCT found less favorable results. 7,31 cruciate ligament rupture or rupture of both cruciate ligaments as "intact" or "unstable" in vitro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 CCLR is diagnosed primarily by physical examination, often by manual laxity tests (MLT) such as the cranial drawer test (CD) and the tibial compression test (TCT). 5,6 Excessive cranial tibial translation (CTT) during testing suggests CCLR. 6 Although the TCT and CD are routinely used, they were never validated using objective kinetic or kinematic measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 Excessive cranial tibial translation (CTT) during testing suggests CCLR. 6 Although the TCT and CD are routinely used, they were never validated using objective kinetic or kinematic measures. 7 Furthermore, a recent study reported a surprisingly low accuracy for the CD and TCT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most CCLR cases are treated surgically, although subclassifying CCLR based on clinical presentation may help defining more specific treatment recommendations 3,4 . CCLR is diagnosed primarily by physical examination, often by manual laxity tests (MLT) such as the cranial drawer test (CD) and the tibial compression test (TCT) 5,6 . Excessive cranial tibial translation (CTT) during testing suggests CCLR 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the accuracy and intra‐ and interobserver reliability of three manual laxity tests for canine cranial cruciate ligament rupture—An ex vivo kinetic and kinematic study

et al. 2023

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Objectives To investigate the accuracy and intra‐ and interobserver reliability of the cranial drawer test (CD), tibial compression test (TCT), and the new tibial pivot compression test (TPCT) in an experimental setting resembling acute cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) and to elucidate the ability to subjectively estimate cranial tibial translation (CTT) during testing. Study design Experimental ex vivo study. Sample population Ten cadaveric hindlimbs of large dogs. Methods Kinetic and 3D‐kinematic data was collected while three observers performed the tests on each specimen with intact (INTACT) and transected cranial cruciate ligament (CCLD) and compared using three‐way repeated‐measures ANOVA. Subjectively estimated CTT (SCTT), obtained during a separate round of testing, was compared to kinematic data by Pearson correlation. Results CTT was significantly higher for CCLD than for INTACT for all tests, resulting in 100% sensitivity and specificity. TPCT induced the highest CTT and internal rotation. Intra‐ and interobserver agreement of translation was excellent. For rotation and kinetics, agreement was more variable. SCTT strongly correlated with the objectively measured values. Conclusion The CD, TCT and the new TPCT were all accurate and reliable. The high translations and rotations during TPCT are promising, encouraging further development of this test. SCTT was reliable in our experimental setting. Clinical significance Veterinary manual laxity tests are accurate and reliable in acute CCLR. The TPCT might have potential for the assessment of subtle and rotational canine stifle instabilities. The high reliability of SCTT implies that grading schemes for stifle laxity, similar to human medicine, could be developed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%