History and development of analytical chemistry at Charles University before 1920

The article recalls important anniversaries associated with chemistry and Charles University. Personal anniversaries of individuals associated with chemistry and our oldest university include commemorations of the life milestones of Jan Jakub Václav Dobřenský of Černý Most (400 years since his birth), Johann Jakob Geelhausen (285 years since his death), Jan František Löw of Erlsfeld (375 years since his birth), Josef Bohumil Mikan (280 years since his birth), Jan Antonín Scrinci (250 years since his death), Stanislav Škramovský (40 years since his death), Jan Stanislav Štěrba-Böhm (85 years since his death), Karel Štulík (10 years since his death), Oldřich Tomíček (70 years since his death), and Adam Zalužanský of Zalužany (410 years since his death). Alongside these are the 375th anniversary of the publication of Thaumantias, liber de arcu coelesti, in which Jan Marek Marci of Kronland first described the decomposition of light by prisms, 185 years since Adolph Martin Pleischl moved from Prague to Vienna and 180 years since the start of lectures on analytical chemistry at the Charles University. Full text English translation is available in the on-line version.

Section: Referátunclassified

Section: Chemická Výročí Roku 2023 Spojená S Univerzitou Karlovouunclassified

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Chemical Anniversaries of 2023 Associated with Charles University

Chalupa¹,

Nesměrák²

2023

“…Pro žíhání tuhých látek (vzorků) v proudu vodíku nebo inertního plynu se používá Roseův kelímek, který je zakryt porcelánovým víčkem se středovým otvorem, jímž prochází zahnutá porcelánová trubice pro přívod daného plynu. Autorem tohoto uspořádání je významný německý analytický chemik Heinrich Rose (1795−1864) 15,59 , mimo jiné spoluobjevitel niobu a autor již výše zmíněné knihy Handbuch der analytischen Chemie (první vydání 1829), která ovlivnila i českou chemii 60,61 .…”

Section: Práce S Tuhými Látkamiunclassified

Eponyms in Laboratory Equipment

Nesměrák¹,

Chalupa²

2022

In the chemistry laboratory, we can find plenty of tools that bear the name of their creator. Such names are called eponyms. The article presents 72 of the most commonly used representatives of eponymic names in the laboratory technique. Their primary sources (where possible) and actual creators were identified by excerpting historical chemical literature including rare and not easily accessible items. The article shows that some eponymic names are not based on the name of the discoverer, but rather on the names of the manufacturers (e.g., Griffin beaker), the names of those who popularized the device (e.g., Liebig condenser), or who were associated with it because of their fame (e.g., Willstätter needle). Eponymic names in the laboratory technique are not only a legacy of the past and an important means of communication in contemporary chemistry, but they can also be used to communicate chemistry to students and lay people, using interesting stories hidden behind them. Full text English translation is available in the on-line version.

“…Místem, které tato výročí propojuje, je Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, přesněji řečeno její Chemický ústav. Tři výročí jsou osobní, vztahující se k vědcům, kteří svojí činností rozvíjeli tradici výuky a výzkumu analytické chemie na naší nejstarší univerzitě 1 . Dvě zbývající centenaria se vztahují k objevu polarografie, jednomu z nejzásadnějších českých příspěvků k analytické chemii.…”

unclassified

Five Analytical Centenaries of Faculty of Science, Charles University

Nesměrák¹,

Chalupa²

2022

Self Cite

The article commemorates five centenaries of Czech analytical chemistry associated with the Faculty of Science, Charles University. Above all, a hundred years passed since the discovery of polarography by Jaroslav Heyrovsky. The method, the principle of which he discovered in February 1922, subsequently gave rise to many electroanalytical methods, which still affect many fields of human activity. The second centenary is closely connected with the name of Prof. Heyrovsky, namely, the first publication of this discovery ever, in Chemické listy journal in October 1922. The remaining anniversaries are personal, being associated with a hundred years since the birth of three outstanding Czech analytical chemists, Jaroslav Zýka, Václav Suk, and Miroslav Malát. Their most important contributions to the development of chemistry are reviewed.