History and physical examination of the hip: the basics

The Warwick Agreement on femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI syndrome): an international consensus statement

“…Different clinicians apply and interpret clinical tests differently, with little consistency between professional groups or among peers 45 46. Even when tests are well defined, they have often been evaluated in populations with a high likelihood of a positive test,18 so their performance in a different environment (such as primary care) is not known.…”

Groin pain syndrome: an association of different pathologies and a case presentation

“…The clinical presentation was fundamentally comparable to the contralateral, with medial "bulging" presence during the Valsalva maneuver, and moderate impulse along the funiculus as the finger was leaving the canal (M1 + L1 as in the European Hernia Society classification) 45 . The left hip appeared limited in flexion, with positive FABER and FADDIR test 46 , resulting in a 6/10 algic symptomatology on the VAS scale 47 . Isometric contraction of adductor muscles with proximal and distal resistance caused a bilateral 7/10 and 9/10 VAS scale value, respectively to quadrant 1 and 2 in Figure 3.…”

Evaluation of Hip Pain in Young Adults

“…Young patients especially may not be able to differentiate among groin pain, lateral hip pain, or low back pain, and often it is up to the clinician to tease out the Downloaded by [New York University] at 20:39 31 July 2015 pertinent anatomical and historical details that may help guide the differential diagnosis. 9,12,20 Given the proximity of the hip joint to other important anatomical structures, including the lumbosacral spine, reproductive organs, and gastrointestinal tract, referred or radiating pain must be distinguished from primary intra-articular hip pain. Any unexpected symptoms, including the atraumatic, insidious onset of pain associated with weight loss, fevers, night pain, or malaise, must be evaluated in further detail to rule out potential inflammatory, infectious, or malignant etiologies.…”

“…[9][10][11][12]25 The order in which the examination steps are performed can vary, and is often dictated by the patient's complaints. For example, in the patient described above with lateral hip pain, the examiner may wish to examine the trochanteric bursa last, so as not to cause pain at the beginning of the examination and lead the patient to guard for the remainder of the examination.…”

“…During the past decade, and specifically within the past 5 years, there has been a tremendous increase in the volume of literature available discussing hip pain in this unique patient population. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Although clearly a valuable resource, the substantial number of papers and reviews on the topic of hip pain may cause some confusion for the sports medicine physician, especially given the overlapping symptoms and complaints for patients presenting with a variety of sources of hip pain. Prior to deciding between the various treatment options for the many sources of hip pain in the athletic patient population, the clinician must be able to recognize and accurately diagnose the underlying pathology.…”