History and Progress of Fractional-Order Element Passive Emulators: A Review

Kartci, Aslihan; Herencsár, Norbert; Machado, J.A.T.; Brančík, Lubomír

doi:10.13164/re.2020.0296

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Specifically, integrated circuit implementation will be the most likely solution for the lowcost implementation problem of FO elements because of its mass production assets. A brief survey of analog integrated circuit (IC) realization of an approximation method was provided in [184], [185]. To improve the versatility of IC designs of FO elements, the following properties are important to consider in design stages:…”

Section: Prospects For Developments In Low-cost Analog and Integramentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Industrialization of FOPID Controllers: A Survey on Milestones of Fractional-Order Control and Pathways for Future Developments

et al. 2021

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The interest in fractional-order (FO) control can be traced back to the late nineteenth century. The growing tendency towards using fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) control has been fueled mainly by the fact that these controllers have additional "tuning knobs" that allow coherent adjustment of the dynamics of control systems. For instance, in certain cases, the capacity for additional frequency response shaping gives rise to the generation of control laws that lead to superior performance of control loops. These fractional-order control laws may allow fulfilling intricate control performance requirements that are otherwise not in the span of conventional integer-order control systems. However, there are underpinning points that are rarely addressed in the literature: (1) What are the particular advantages (in concrete figures) of FOPID controllers versus conventional, integer-order (IO) PID controllers in light of the complexities arising in the implementation of the former? (2) For real-time implementation of FOPID controllers, approximations are used that are indeed equivalent to high-order linear controllers. What, then, is the benefit of using FOPID controllers? Finally, (3) What advantages are to be had from having a near-ideal fractional-order behavior in control practice? In the present paper, we attempt to address these issues by reviewing a large portion of relevant publications in the fastgrowing FO control literature, outline the milestones and drawbacks, and present future perspectives for industrialization of fractional-order control. Furthermore, we comment on FOPID controller tuning methods from the perspective of seeking globally optimal tuning parameter sets and how this approach can benefit designers of industrial FOPID control. We also review some CACSD (computer-aided control system design) software toolboxes used for the design and implementation of FOPID controllers. Finally, we draw conclusions and formulate suggestions for future research.

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Section: Prospects For Developments In Low-cost Analog and Integramentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Industrialization of FOPID Controllers: A Survey on Milestones of Fractional-Order Control and Pathways for Future Developments

et al. 2021

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“…Until fractional-order components are readily available, realizing these circuits for SPICE simulations and measurement requires the approximation of the fractional-order elements in these models. To support researchers interested in using an emulated model of dental tissues, the CPEs (adjusted to their nearest EIA standard compliant values) in Table 2 were realized using the Valsa method to realize an RC network with 13 branches [ 7 , 36 ] that approximates the CPE impedance over a fixed frequency band. This electric network is shown in Table 5 for reference.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impedance of an FOC (

) is limited to fractional-orders 0 <

< 1 and a pseudo-capacitance

with units Farad·

(F·

). Similarly, an FOI will have an impedance (

) with fractional-order limited to 0 <

< 1 and a pseudo-inductance of

with units expressed as Henry·

(H·

) [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. From the impedance definitions of the FOC and FOI, the frequency dependent impedance magnitude varies by

dB/decade and

dB/decade of frequency, while the phase is constant with frequency (though dependent on the fractional-order) and equal to

.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Two Fractional-Order Equivalent Electrical Circuits for Modeling the Electrical Impedance of Dental Tissues

Herencsár

Freeborn

Kartci

et al. 2020

Entropy

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Background:Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a fast, non-invasive, and safe approach for electrical impedance measurement of biomedical tissues. Applied to dental research, EIS has been used to detect tooth cracks and caries with higher accuracy than visual or radiographic methods. Recent studies have reported age-related differences in human dental tissue impedance and utilized fractional-order equivalent circuit model parameters to represent these measurements. Objective: We aimed to highlight that fractional-order equivalent circuit models with different topologies (but same number of components) can equally well model the electrical impedance of dental tissues. Additionally, this work presents an equivalent circuit network that can be realized using Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) standard compliant RC component values to emulate the electrical impedance characteristics of dental tissues. Results: To validate the results, the goodness of fits of electrical impedance models were evaluated visually and statistically in terms of relative error, mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe’s efficiency (NSE), Willmott’s index of agreement (WIA), or Legates’s coefficient of efficiency (LCE). The fit accuracy of proposed recurrent electrical impedance models for data representative of different age groups teeth dentin supports that both models can represent the same impedance data near perfectly. Significance: With the continued exploration of fractional-order equivalent circuit models to represent biological tissue data, it is important to investigate which models and model parameters are most closely associated with clinically relevant markers and physiological structures of the tissues/materials being measured and not just “fit” with experimental data. This exploration highlights that two different fractional-order models can fit experimental dental tissue data equally well, which should be considered during studies aimed at investigating different topologies to represent biological tissue impedance and their interpretation.

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“…Due to the absence of commercially available CPEs, their implementation can be performed using active emulators [11] or via lumped RC chains [12]- [14]. Note that while the former requires advanced tools, the latter one is suitable for direct implementation in SPICE circuit simulators.…”

Section: B Cpe Models Via Foster I Rc Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Study of Fatigue-Induced Electrical Impedance Models of Biceps Tissues

Herencsár

2020

2020 12th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT)

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Electrical impedance myography (EIM) is a noninvasive approach to muscle assessment based on the measurement of the electrical impedance in frequency range of interest. In this paper, fatigue-induced electrical impedance models of biceps tissues are investigated. After the dataset used is briefly described, complete set of parameters of the modified Fricke model, utilizing Foster I RC network-based fractional-order capacitor (FOC), are computed. The goodness of fitting of proposed FOCs and bioimpedance models were evaluated visually and statistically. The fit accuracy of designed electrical impedance models is R 2 R,X ≥ 0.9978. Proposed models provide more intuitive representation of the electrical behavior of biceps tissues. EIA standard compliant E96 series lumped parameter-based practical models give an appropriate explanation of fatigue effect on biceps tissues from resistance and capacitance point of view.

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History and Progress of Fractional-Order Element Passive Emulators: A Review

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Towards Industrialization of FOPID Controllers: A Survey on Milestones of Fractional-Order Control and Pathways for Future Developments

Towards Industrialization of FOPID Controllers: A Survey on Milestones of Fractional-Order Control and Pathways for Future Developments

A Comparative Study of Two Fractional-Order Equivalent Electrical Circuits for Modeling the Electrical Impedance of Dental Tissues

An Empirical Study of Fatigue-Induced Electrical Impedance Models of Biceps Tissues

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