History, occurrence, impact, and control of blackleg of rapeseed

Gugel, R. K.; Petrie, Graham

doi:10.1080/07060669209500904

Cited by 160 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In Canada, L. maculans was first identified in Saskatchewan in 1975 (McGee andPetrie 1978), and later in Manitoba, Alberta and British Columbia (Gugel and Petrie 1992). Prior to the 1970s, only L. biglobosa was identified in Canada and blackleg was not a major concern in rapeseed production.…”

Section: Blackleg Disease In Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into fighting against blackleg disease of Brassica napus in Canada

Zhang

Fernando

2018

Crop Pasture Sci.

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Abstract. Blackleg disease, caused by the ascomycete fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans, is a devastating disease of canola (Brassica napus) in Australia, Canada and Europe. Although cultural strategies such as crop rotation, fungicide application, and tillage are adopted to control the disease, the most promising disease control strategy is the utilisation of resistant canola varieties. However, field populations of L. maculans display a high evolutionary potential and are able to overcome major resistance genes within a few years, making disease control relying on resistant varieties challenging. In the early 1990s, blackleg resistance gene Rlm3 was introduced into Canadian canola varieties and provided good resistance against the fungal populations until the early 2000s, when moderate to severe blackleg outbreaks were observed in some areas across western Canada. However, the breakdown of Rlm3 resistance was not reported until recently, based on studies on R genes present in Canadian canola varieties and the avirulence allele frequency in L. maculans populations in western Canada. The fact that Rlm3 was overcome by the evolution of fungal populations demands canola breeding programs in Canada to be prepared to develop canola varieties with diversified and efficient R genes. In addition, frequent monitoring of fungal populations can provide up-to-date guidance for proper resistance genes deployment. This literature review provides insights into the outbreaks and management of blackleg disease in Canada.

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Section: Blackleg Disease In Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These strategies largely contributed to the reduced disease incidence and disease severity. For example, in the early 1990s, provincial canola yield losses from blackleg declined to 1% in Alberta (Gugel and Petrie 1992).…”

Section: Fighting Against Blackleg Disease In the Early 1990smentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into fighting against blackleg disease of Brassica napus in Canada

Zhang

Fernando

2018

Crop Pasture Sci.

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“…& de Not is a devastating disease of canola (Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L.) and has caused extensive yield losses in Europe, Australia, and Canada (Gugel and Petrie 1992). Since chemical control of the disease is difficult, is uneconomical, and poses risks to the producer and the environment (Ahlers 1991), the introduction of genetic resistance to blackleg has become a major objective of canola breeding programs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Complexities of Chromosome Landing in a Highly Duplicated Genome: Toward Map-Based Cloning of a Gene Controlling Blackleg Resistance in Brassica napus

et al. 2005

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The LmR1 locus, which controls seedling resistance to the blackleg fungus Leptosphaeria maculans in the Brassica napus cultivar Shiralee, was positioned on linkage group N7. Fine genetic mapping in a population of 2500 backcross lines identified three molecular markers that cosegregated with LmR1. Additional linkage mapping in a second population colocalized a seedling resistance gene, ClmR1, from the cultivar Cresor to the same genetic interval on N7 as LmR1. Both genes were located in a region that showed extensive inter-and intragenomic duplications as well as intrachromosomal tandem duplications. The tandem duplications seem to have occurred in the Brassica lineage before the divergence of B. rapa and B. oleracea but after the separation of Brassica and Arabidopsis from a common ancestor. Microsynteny was found between the region on N7 carrying the resistance gene and the end of Arabidopsis chromosome 1, interrupted by a single inversion close to the resistance locus. The collinear region in Arabidopsis was assayed for the presence of possible candidate genes for blackleg resistance. These data provided novel insights into the genomic structure and evolution of plant resistance loci and an evaluation of the candidate gene approach using comparative mapping with a model organism.

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“…Our previous work (3) indicated that some of the compounds isolated from cultures of P. lingam were also present in cultures of P. wasabiae. Now it is clear that the profile of metabolites common to P. wasabiae and P. lingam is much broader; not only phomaligols (1, 2) and phomaligadiones (5,6) are present in liquid cultures of both species, but also wasabidienones Bo (16) and B, (17) (12) were present in similar liquid cultures.…”

Section: Ch3mentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemistry of cyclohexenediones produced by the blackleg fungus

Pedras

1996

Can. J. Chem.

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Several oxidation products of metabolites produced by avimlent isolates of Phoma lingam, the blackleg fungus, are reported; in addition, the profile of metabolites common to P. lingam and P. wasabiae is clarified.Key words: cyclohexenedione, Phoma lingam, P. wasabiae.Resume : On a LtudiC plusieurs produits d'oxydation tires des metabolites produits par des isolats avimlents du Phoman lingam, un champignon; de plus, on a clarifiC le profil des metabolites communs au P. lingam et au P. wasabiae.Mots clis : cyclohex~nedione, Phoma lingam, P. wasabiae. [Traduit par la redaction]Recent work on the so-called weakly virulent, avirulent, or nonaggressive isolates of the blackleg fungus (Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et de Not., asexual stage Phoma lingum (Tode ex Fr.) Desm.) led to the isolation of several metabolites having a cyclohexenone ring as a common structural feature (1-3). Most importantly, this work revealed an unknown relationship between P. lingam and P. wasabiae. This unforeseen relationship2 was also supported by analysis of particular DNA sequences of isolates of both species (3). As a consequence of that work, it was proposed that the avirulent isolates of P. lingam be formally reclassified (4).As part of our continuing studies of the chemistry of the blackleg fungus,3 it was important to determine the phytotoxicity of the cyclohexenones 1, 2, 5-8 produced by avirulent isolates. During the purification of these metabolites, unexpected products resulting from the slow oxidation of 5 d 5 b and 6 were identified. Here is reported the transformation of phomaligadiones 5 and 6 and phomaligin A (7) to phomaligols 1 and 2, and the intermediates of these oxidative transformations, as well as the products of reaction of phomaligadiones 5 and 6 with diazomethane. These results allow an important clarification regarding the structures of metabolites common to P. wasabiae and P. lingam. In addition, the implications of these findings on the biogenesis of the cyclohexenone-containing metabolites is discussed and the structures of metabolites common to P. wasabiae and P. lingam are noted.

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History, occurrence, impact, and control of blackleg of rapeseed

Cited by 160 publications

References 30 publications

Insights into fighting against blackleg disease of Brassica napus in Canada

Insights into fighting against blackleg disease of Brassica napus in Canada

Complexities of Chromosome Landing in a Highly Duplicated Genome: Toward Map-Based Cloning of a Gene Controlling Blackleg Resistance in Brassica napus

The chemistry of cyclohexenediones produced by the blackleg fungus

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