History of chemotherapy of leprosy

Noordeen, S. K.

doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.10.016

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Historically, research on most other diseases has been framed as “treatment” research, and not cure [4] In diseases like Syphilis, treatment evolved into cure [5, 6] . Experimentation occurred on a trial and error basis and not in large scale randomised controlled “cure” trials as is currently the plan for HIV eradication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychology of “cure” - unique challenges to consent processes in HIV cure research in South Africa

et al. 2019

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BackgroundConsent processes for clinical trials involving HIV prevention research have generated considerable debate globally over the past three decades. HIV cure/eradication research is scientifically more complex and consequently, consent processes for clinical trials in this field are likely to pose a significant challenge. Given that research efforts are now moving toward HIV eradication, stakeholder engagement to inform appropriate ethics oversight of such research is timely. This study sought to establish the perspectives of a wide range of stakeholders in HIV treatment and research to inform consent processes for cure research.MethodsIn total, 68 South African stakeholders participated in two qualitative research modalities. In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with a purposive sample of 42 individuals - audiotaped with consent. Twenty-six stakeholders participated in three focus group discussions (FGDs). Thematic analysis of transcribed IDIs and FGDs was conducted.ResultsThe majority of respondents indicated that there could be unique challenges in HIV cure research requiring special attention. In particular, given the complexity of cure science, translation of concepts into lay language would be critical for potential participants to adequately appreciate risks and benefits in early phase research with experimental interventions. Furthermore, to aid understanding of risks and benefits against a background of desperation for a cure, specially trained facilitators would be required to assist with a psychological assessment prior to consent to avoid curative misconceptions. Long-term participant engagement to assess durability of a cure would mean that the consent process would be prolonged, necessitating annual re-consent. Building trust to maintain such long-term relationships would be critical to retain study participants.ConclusionUnique consent requirements for cure research in South Africa would include significant efforts to maximise understanding of trial procedures, risks and the need for long-term follow-up. However, the psychological dimension of cure must not be underestimated. Beyond an understanding of cure science, the emotional impact of HIV cure advances the discourse from cure to healing. Consequently, the consent process for cure research would need to be enhanced to include psychological support and counselling. This has several important implications for research ethics review requirements for consent in HIV cure research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychology of “cure” - unique challenges to consent processes in HIV cure research in South Africa

et al. 2019

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“…Embora curável, ainda persistem mitos e equívocos relacionados à doença, tornando-a estigmatizante e discriminatória, gerando marginalização, exclusão social e negação de direitos de pessoas afetadas por esta enfermidade. [1][2][3][4] Atualmente, os cinco principais países que abrigam mais de 80% dos novos casos de hanseníase detectados anualmente estão situados em regiões (sub)tropicais: Índia, Brasil, Indonésia, Bangladesh e Etiópia. Em 2017, foram notificados 210.671 novos casos em 150 países, e a taxa de detecção global de novos casos foi de 2,77 por 100.000 habitantes.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Tendência temporal da hanseníase em Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil

Moreira¹,

Costa²,

Moreira-Junior³

et al. 2019

Rev Epidemiol Control Infect

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Justificativa e Objetivos: A hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa crônica, com potencial incapacitante que mantém altas as taxas de incidência mesmo com tratamento eficaz e gratuito. Desta forma, este estudo objetiva analisar os dados epidemiológicos e operacionais da hanseníase em Aracaju-SE, a fim de diagnosticar a tendência da endemia e orientar o aprimoramento de políticas públicas que visem à sua eliminação. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, tipo série temporal, que analisou indicadores epidemiológicos e operacionais da Hanseníase no município de Aracaju, capital do estado de Sergipe,de 2003 a 2017. Resultados: Entre 2003 e 2017, a taxa de detecção da hanseníase manteve-se decrescente, com tendência anual de queda de 8,63% na população geral e 9,32% em menores de 15 anos. Durante este período, houve tendência a aumento do diagnóstico e tratamento da hanseníase pela Atenção Primária. A cura dos casos manteve-se estável e a proporção de contatos examinados apresentou um significativo incremento, saindo de 20,6%, em 2003, para 82,9%, em 2017. Identifica-se também uma tendência progressiva da queda na detecção das formas paucibacilares em detrimento das multibacilares. Conclusão: Há uma tendência de redução da detecção da hanseníase em Aracaju em todas as faixas etárias, porém, a região ainda é considerada de alta endemicidade. É possível perceber o crescimento do papel da Atenção Primária entre 2003 e 2017, além do aumento significativo do exame dos contatos, ferramenta importante no diagnóstico e tratamento precoce. Embora os indicadores de saúde tenham mostrado melhorias, esse avanço permanece insuficiente para adequado controle da doença. Descritores: Epidemiologia. Indicadores de Saúde. Hanseníase. Saúde Pública.

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“…Since 1982, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended multidrug therapy (MDT) based on a combination of dapsone–clofazimine–rifampicin, which has been distributed free of charge to all endemic countries since 1995 [ 5 ]. MDT and leprosy campaigns sponsored by the WHO worldwide have permitted a reduction in leprosy prevalence by over 90% [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leprosy in Refugees and Migrants in Italy and a Literature Review of Cases Reported in Europe between 2009 and 2018

et al. 2020

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Leprosy is a chronic neglected infectious disease that affects over 200,000 people each year and causes disabilities in more than four million people in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The disease can appear with a wide spectrum of clinical forms, and therefore the clinical suspicion is often difficult. Refugees and migrants from endemic countries affected by leprosy can remain undiagnosed in Europe due to the unpreparedness of clinicians. We retrospectively describe the characteristics of 55 refugees/migrants with a diagnosis of leprosy established in Italy from 2009 to 2018. Continents of origin were Africa (42%), Asia (40%), and South and Central America (18%). The symptoms reported were skin lesions (91%), neuropathy (71%), edema (7%), eye involvement (6%), fever (6%), arthritis (4%), and lymphadenopathy (4%). Seven patients (13%) had irreversible complications. Overall, 35% were relapses and 66% multibacillary leprosy. Furthermore, we conducted a review of 17 case reports or case series and five nationwide reports, published in the same decade, describing 280 migrant patients with leprosy in Europe. In Europe, leprosy is a rare chronic infectious disease, but it has not completely disappeared. Diagnosis and treatment of leprosy in refugees and migrants from endemic countries are a challenge. European guidelines for this neglected disease in this high-risk population would be beneficial.

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History of chemotherapy of leprosy

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

The psychology of “cure” - unique challenges to consent processes in HIV cure research in South Africa

The psychology of “cure” - unique challenges to consent processes in HIV cure research in South Africa

Tendência temporal da hanseníase em Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil

Leprosy in Refugees and Migrants in Italy and a Literature Review of Cases Reported in Europe between 2009 and 2018

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