History of heavy r-process elements in galactic cosmic rays from nuclei tracks in meteorite olivine

The rapid neutron capture or ‘r process’ of nucleosynthesis is believed to be responsible for the production of approximately half the natural abundance of heavy elements found on the periodic table above iron (with proton number $$Z=26$$ Z = 26 ) and all of the heavy elements above bismuth ($$Z=83$$ Z = 83 ). In the course of creating the actinides and potentially superheavies, the r process must necessarily synthesize superheavy nuclei (those with extreme proton numbers, neutron numbers or both) far from isotopes accessible in the laboratory. Many questions about this process remain unanswered, such as ‘where in nature may this process occur?’ and ‘what are the heaviest species created by this process?’ In this review, we survey at a high level the nuclear properties relevant for the heaviest elements thought to be created in the r process. We provide a synopsis of the production and destruction mechanisms of these heavy species, in particular the actinides and superheavies, and discuss these heavy elements in relation to the astrophysical r process. We review the observational evidence of actinides found in the Solar system and in metal-poor stars and comment on the prospective of observing heavy-element production in explosive astrophysical events. Finally, we discuss the possibility that future observations and laboratory experiments will provide new information in understanding the production of the heaviest elements.

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Nucleosynthesis and observation of the heaviest elements

Holmbeck

Sprouse

Mumpower

2023

Eur. Phys. J. A

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A cosmic-ray database update: CRDB v4.1

Maurin,

Ahlers,

Dembinski

et al. 2023

Eur. Phys. J. C

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The cosmic-ray database, , has been gathering cosmic-ray data for the community since 2013. We present a new release, , providing many new quantities and data sets, with several improvements made on the code and web interface, and with new visualisation tools. relies on the MySQL database management system, and libraries for queries and sorting, and PHP web pages and AJAX protocol for displays. A REST interface enables user queries from command line or scripts. A new (pip-installable) CRDB python library is developed and extensive jupyter notebook examples are provided. This release contains cosmic-ray dipole anisotropy data, high-energy $$\bar{p}/p$$ p ¯ / p upper limits, some unpublished LEE and AESOP lepton time series, many more ultra-high energy data, and a few missing old data sets. It also includes high-precision data from the last three years, in particular the hundreds of thousands AMS-02 and PAMELA data time series (time-dependent plots are now enabled). All these data are shown in a gallery of plots, which can be easily reproduced from the public notebook examples. contains 316,126 data points from 504 publications, in 4111 sub-experiments from 131 experiments.

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Track technique in present-day physics of atomic nuclei and elementary particles, astrophysics, and nanotechnology

Gorbunov,

Volkov,

Zhukov

et al. 2023

Phys. Usp.

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History of heavy r-process elements in galactic cosmic rays from nuclei tracks in meteorite olivine

Cited by 4 publications

References 59 publications

Nucleosynthesis and observation of the heaviest elements

Nucleosynthesis and observation of the heaviest elements

A cosmic-ray database update: CRDB v4.1

Track technique in present-day physics of atomic nuclei and elementary particles, astrophysics, and nanotechnology

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