History of Liver and Multivisceral Transplantation

Starzl, Thomas E.; Murase, Noriko; Marcos, Amadeo; Fung, John J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7216-0118-2.50006-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Advances in surgical technique as well as intra‐ and post‐operative care in the past decade have markedly improved patient and allograft survival. Newer and more potent immunosuppressive agents have also been introduced, significantly decreasing the incidence of rejection and contributing to the long‐term success of LTx . However, this success has come at a price.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal side effects in liver transplant recipients taking enteric‐coated mycophenolate sodium vs. mycophenolate mofetil

Lopez-Solis

DeVera

Steel

et al. 2014

Clinical Transplantation

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In the setting of liver transplantation, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) may be used as an adjuvant therapy for immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection; however, its use may be limited due to severe gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. In contrast, enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) may be associated with less severe side effects and hence better tolerability. We compared the side effects of EC-MPS to MMF in liver transplant patients in a de novo study (Study I-randomized, prospective, double-blinded) and a conversion study (Study II). In both studies, the severity of GI symptoms was assessed at various time points using the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS) survey, a validated survey of GI symptoms (abdominal pain, reflux, indigestion, diarrhea, and constipation). In Study I, the symptoms of 30 recipients receiving EC-MPS (n = 15) were compared to 15 recipients receiving MMF. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) of the total GSRS scores and symptom syndrome subscores revealed no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the two medications over time. A conversion study (Study II) with 29 participants, however, showed that over time, all GI symptoms improved significantly (p < 0.001) when the patients were treated with EC-MPS instead of MMF.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal side effects in liver transplant recipients taking enteric‐coated mycophenolate sodium vs. mycophenolate mofetil

Lopez-Solis

DeVera

Steel

et al. 2014

Clinical Transplantation

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“…As reported in the literature (1,2), the origin of experimental hepatic transplantation has been credited to C. Stuart Welch of Albany Medical College who described an auxiliary liver transplant in a canine species (3). In that procedure, the native liver was left in place, and a heterotopic graft was implanted in the paravertebral fossa of the recipient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biliary drainage of the graft was accomplished by a cholecystoduodenostomy. Lacking hepatotropic factors from the splanchnic circulation, the graft underwent atrophy within a week of transplantation (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Report of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in the Western World

Busuttil¹,

Carlis

Mihaylov

et al. 2012

American Journal of Transplantation

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Until the present time, the first experimental liver transplant which led to the development of human liver transplantation is attributed to C. Stuart Welch who performed a heterotopic transplant in the canine species in 1955. In 1956, Jack Cannon is credited with the first animal orthotopic liver transplant although the species was not disclosed. This report is intended to set the historical record straight by acknowledging that Vittorio Staudacher in 1952 was the first to perform a liver transplant in a large animal model.

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“…The procurement varied in details but followed the standard techniques for human multiorgan retrieval and our previous report [5][6][7][8] . Briefly, the proximal 3 to 4 m of jejunum (the total length of porcine small bowel is about 15 m) together with the liver was procured as the graft.…”

Section: Initial Exposure and Isolation Of Abdominal Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auxiliaryen-blocliver-small bowel transplantation with partial pancreas preservation in pigs

Yin

Ni²,

Jiang³

et al. 2004

WJG

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AIM:The aim of this study was to describe an auxiliary combined liver-small bowel transplantation model with the preservation of duodenum, head of pancreas and hepatic biliary system in pigs. The technique, feasibility, security and immunosuppression were commented. METHODS:Forty outbred long-white pigs were randomized into two groups, and the auxiliary composite liver/small bowel allotransplantations were undertaken in 10 longwhite pigs in each group with the recipient liver preserved. Group A was not treated with immunosuppressive drugs while group B was treated with cyclosporine A and methylprednisolone after operation. The hemodynamic changes and amylase of body fluid (including blood, urine and abdominal drain) were analyzed. RESULTS:The average survival time of the animals was 10±1.929 d (6 to 25 d) in group A while more than 30 d in group B. The pigs could tolerate the hemodynamic fluctuation during operation and the hemodynamic parameters recovered to normal 2 h after blood reperfusion. The transient high amylase level was decreased to normal one week after operation and autopsy showed no pancreatitis. CONCLUSION:Auxiliary en-bloc liver-small bowel transplantation with partial pancreas preservation is a feasible and safe model with simplified surgical techniques for composite liver/small bowel transplantation. This model may be used as a preclinical training model for clinical transplantation method, clinical liver-small bowel transplantation related complication research, basic research including immunosuppressive treatment, organ preservation, acute rejection, chronic rejection, immuno-tolerance and xenotransplantation.

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History of Liver and Multivisceral Transplantation

Cited by 5 publications

References 81 publications

Gastrointestinal side effects in liver transplant recipients taking enteric‐coated mycophenolate sodium vs. mycophenolate mofetil

Gastrointestinal side effects in liver transplant recipients taking enteric‐coated mycophenolate sodium vs. mycophenolate mofetil

The First Report of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in the Western World

Auxiliaryen-blocliver-small bowel transplantation with partial pancreas preservation in pigs

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