The American field of religion and literature emerged in the mid-20th century with a particular interest in the theological resonance of modern literature. By the 1970s, the field had grown and diversified, leading David Hesla to announce a 'second stage' in which various approaches and topics, including social science and popular culture, would replace the first, theological stage. For Hesla and others, the second stage signaled confusion as well as pluralism. This article frames the field differently, highlighting its broader context and concerns with the categories of outsider, tradition, and transcendence. In this, light, religion and literature offers crucial perspective on current debates about secularity, society, and aesthetics.And so it has taken me all of 60 years to understand that water is the finest drink, and bread the most delicious food, and that art is worthless unless it plants a measure of splendor in people's hearts. 1The American study of religion and literature emerged from and flourished in the intellectual currents of the mid-20th century. Modern cultural crises rooted in the two world wars, shifts within institutional religion, and the flourishing of humanistic studies in postwar universities contributed to the field's formation. Theologian and poet Amos Wilder, brother of playwright Thornton Wilder, captured this cultural climate in two paradoxical statements. First, he considered the atheism of the day not empty but 'pregnant' and 'poignant', and second, he described modern literary authors as 'prophets of the age by whom we could read our omens plain'. 2 Although the 19th-century dream of substituting literature for institutional religion never came true, the 20th century raised the prestige of literature to new heights. 3 It was in this context that several literary scholars advanced a field of study that, in the spirit of Paul Tillich's Theology of Culture, would expand the scope of theology to include 'secular' literature. 4 The complete history of religion and literature (first known as theology and literature) has yet to be written, but that is not my aim here. Instead, I ask: What can and should the field of religion and literature today inherit from its past? While not easy to define, I call it a field because its specific history created lasting institutional contexts for teaching and research. The fluid boundaries between the field and its larger contexts have always been a source of dynamism and creativity in religion and literature, with 'outside' figures like Erich